518430
Description
Flashcards by clairemeagher, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by clairemeagher
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Food: provides organisms with nutrients for energy and materials to live | Living things need 14 elements most common 6 are carbon(C),hydrogen(H), nitrogen(N),phosphrous(P) and sulphur(S) |
| 5 elements are dissolved in salts: sodium magnesium chlorine potassium and calcium | Trace elements are iron, copper and zinc |
| Biomolecules are chemicals made inside living things | biomolecules in food are carbohydrates lipids proteins and vitamins |
| CARBOHYDRATES | made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen |
| Types of carbohydrates | (i) Monosaccharides (1unit) e.g. gluose, fructose (ii) Disaccharides (2 units) e.g. sucrose, maltose (iii) Pollysaccharides (many units) e.g. starch, cellulose, glycogen |
| Souces of carbohydrates | Bread,potato,rice,flour,sweets |
| Structural role of carbohydrates | Cellulose makes cell walls |
| Metabolic role | 1.Glucose is made in photosynthesis 2.Glucose releases energy in respiration |
| Uses of carbohydrates | 1.To supply energy 2.To store energy |
| Lipids | Made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen |
| Structure of lipids | glycerol + 3 fatty acids = triglyceride |
| Sources of lipids | 1.Butter,ream,lard 2.Cod liver oil,sunflower oil |
| Structural role of lipids | 1.store energy 2.insulate 3.form membranes |
| Metabolic role of lipids | release energy in respiration |
| PROTEINS | made of carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen (sulfur and phosphorous) |
| Structure of protein | amino aids, peptides, polypeptides, protein |
| Sources of protein | meat fish eggs milk |
| Structural role of protein | form structures such as skin hair nails and muscle |
| Metabolic role of protein | 1.enzymes 2.some hormones 3.antibodies |
| VITAMIN C (ascorbic acid) | water soluble vitamin |
| Sources of vitamin c | fresh fruit and vegetable |
| Metabolic role of vitamin c | forms connective tissue,bones and teeth,helps healing and immune system |
| Deficiency | survy (poor skin,bleeding,nad teeth and gums) |
| VITAMIN D (calciferol) | fat soluble vitamin |
| Sources of vitamin d | liver, fish oils, milk, make in skin (UV rays) |
| Metabolic role of vitamin d | helps absorb calcium for bones and teeth |
| Deficiency | rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults (weak,deformed,brittle bones) |
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