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| Question | Answer |
| What is the job of the cell membrane?? | To control movement into and out of the cell. |
| What does the nucleus control and contain?? | It contains the genetic informaton and controls what the cell does. |
| Where does respiration take place?? | In the mitochondria. |
| What takes place in the cytoplasm?? | Most chemical reactons. It may contain mitochondria, which is where most energy is released in respiration. |
| What does a typical animal cell look like?? |
Image:
animal_cell (image/jpg)
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| What are the typical features of an animal cell?? | Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, membrane, ribosome, mitochondria. |
| Why do liver and muscle cells have particularly large numbers of mitochondria?? | Because they have a high energy requirement. |
| What is the 'genetic code'?? | A complete set of genetic instructions found in the nucleus of each cell. |
| What does the genetic code control?? | Cell activity and therefore some characteristics of the whole organism. |
| Describe the structure of a DNA molecule. | 2 strands coiled around eachother in double helix; bases bond in pairs to form cross-links. |
| When was the structure of DNA first put forward and by whom?? | 1953: James Watson & Francis Crick, used data from X-ray crystallography by Rosalind Franklin. |
| Where are proteins made?? | In the cytoplasm. |
| What is meant by complimentary base pairing?? | A bonds with T and C bonds with G on opposite strands of the DNA molecule. |
| A group of how many bases represents one amino acid in a protein chain?? | Three. |
| Proteins are synthesised by structures called what?? | Ribosomes. |
| What is the name given to the messenger molecule involved in protein synthesis?? | It is called mRNA. |
| Watson and Crick's discovery led to what?? | An explosion of scientific advances including genetic engineering and mapping the human genome. |
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