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| Question | Answer |
| What is the definition of healthy? | It means being free of any infections or diseases |
| What is the definition of fitness? | It is a measure of how well one can perform physical tasks |
| How is fitness measured and tested? | Strength - Lifting weights Stamina - Bleep Test Speed - 100m sprint Agility - An assault course Flexibility - Stretching Cardiovascular efficiency - Recovery rate |
| How is blood pumped around the body? | The blood is pumped around the body by the contractions of the heart. The blood leaves the heart, via the arteries and capillaries. Then the blood flows back to the heart via the veins. |
| Why is blood under pressure in arteries? | Blood in the arteries is under pressure because of the contractions of the heart muscles. This allows the blood to reach all parts of the body. |
| What unit is blood pressure measured in? | Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury, mmHg. |
| What are the 2 measurements of blood pressure? | systolic pressure - the higher measurement diastolic pressure - the lower measurement |
| What blood pressure should a young, fit person have? | A young, fit person should have a blood pressure of about 120 over 70. |
| What are the causes and problems of high and low blood pressure? | |
| How does smoking increase blood pressure? | Nicotine itself increases the heart rate. Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin, preventing oxygen combining with it. This causes an increase in blood pressure to compensate for the reduced amount of oxygen in the blood. |
| How does saturated fats affect the heart? | Cholesterol builds up forms plaque. The hard outer layer of the plaque is cracked and the softer layer is exposed - causing platelets to stick to it - a thrombosis is formed. This narrows arteries - restricting the flow of blood. The thrombosis could also detach and block smaller blood vessels. This results in the heart muscle receiving no oxygen and dying. |
| What sticks to plaque and narrows arteries? | Platelets |
| What is a blood block called? | Thrombosis |
| How does salt increase the risk of getting a heart attack? | Eating too much salt causes high blood pressure. This increases the risk of damaging the arteries - encouraging the build up of plaques. |
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