3070950
Description
Flashcards by Kit Sinclair, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kit Sinclair
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How do plants adapt to cold climates? | -short and low -grow close together -shallow root systems -dark colours to absorb heat -lots of chlorophyll |
| How do plants adapt to hot climates? | -some have no leaves -they either have very shallow root systems or very deep ones |
| Mimicry | when one animal pretends to look like another animal so predators won't eat them (e.g a fly looking like a wasp) |
| Extremophiles | organisms (usually microorganisms) adapted to live in extreme environments such as very hot, cold, acidic, alkali or saline habitats |
| biotic | alive / living |
| abiotic | not living |
| examples of biotic factors that affect the distribution of organisms | -predators -disease -food/prey -humans -poisonous plants -competition |
| examples of abiotic factors that affect the distribution of organisms | -contamination/pollution -temperature -slope angle -soil/moisture/pH/salinity -weather/light -natural disasters |
| ways of measuring factors | -light meter (for light) -quadrat (plants and animals) -pitfall trap (small animals) universal indicator (pH) -sweep netting (pond life) |
| How does lichen help to indicate air pollution? | It is sensitive to nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides |
| What would you use as an indicator for freshwater pollution? | the number / type of species in a section of riverbed - oxygen dissolves in water and some species are adapted to low oxygen levels |
| What can water be tested for? | -temperature -pH -mineral ions -light intensity -dissolved oxygen |
| What is always at the bottom of a pyramid of biomass? | Producers |
| How do animals lose energy? | -movement -heat -waste |
| How can you increase the efficiency of food production? | -short food chains -consume plants -restrict movement -keep warm |
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