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Flashcards by yasmin.dix17, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by yasmin.dix17
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a non-epileptic attack? | "Pseudo-seizure" Psychological response to something (e.g. anxiety attack) Quite common Responsive |
| Seizure vs. syncope: Post-ictal confusional state? | Syncope: Slightly dazed - Confused about what just happened - Still recognise people Seizure: More prolonged - Fail to recognise people/surroundings |
| Seizure vs. syncope: Tonic-clonic jerking? | Seizure: reliable hx of only lasting 1-2mins Syncope: tonic-clonic jerking in 70% - Only lasts 15-20 seconds, but will feel longer to the observer |
| Seizure vs. syncope: tongue biting? | Tongue biting (especially lateral border) present after: 20% of seizures 1-2% of syncope But given how much more common syncope is, this doesn't help distinguish |
| Seizure vs. syncope: incontinence? | More common in seizures but still quite common in syncope: not helpful to distinguish |
| Define: Seizure | Any clinical manifestation of abnormal electrical brain activity Disturbance of: consciousness, behaviour, emotion, motor function, sensation |
| Define: Epilepsy | A tendency towards seizures At least two unprovoked seizures at least 24 hours apart |
| What are the three types of partial (focal) seizures? | - Simple partial (focal seizure without loss of consciousness) - aka. aura - Complex partial (focal seizure with loss of consciousness) - Secondary generalised seizure (a partial seizure that develops into a generalised) |
| Typical simple partial seizure | "Rising" feeling in stomach Fully alert and aware (can describe after) Funny smell (e.g. burning) Funny taste (e.g. metallic) Deja vu Intense fear Focal motor symptoms (unilateral) |
| Typical complex partial seizure | Vacant, blank, staring into space (NOT an absence seizure) Stereotyped (repetitive) movements (e.g. rubbing) |
| 5 types of generalised seizures | - Tonic-clonic - Tonic - Atonic/drop attacks (rare) - Myoclonic - Absence (true are very rare) |
| Tonic-clonic seizures | Two phases: Tonic: body goes stiff, fall to floor Clonic: limbs jerk |
| Myoclonic seizures | Myoclonus normal in some situations (falling asleep, startle) Myoclonic seizure may be single jerk, e.g. when holding something |
| Absence seizures | Much briefer than complex partial seizures Children and adolescents: not diagnosed as new onset in adults In Medicine, term is used to refer to a specific EEG pattern |
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