20983512
Description
Flashcards by Alyssa Magill, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alyssa Magill
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| pt with NV and dehydration, NA 152. expect which lab values? a. elevated urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, decreased serum osmolality b. elevated urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, elevated serum osmolality c. decreased urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, decreased serum osmolality d. decreased urine specific gravity, decreased hemoglobin, elevated serum osmolality | b. elevated urine specific gravity, elevated hemoglobin, elevated serum osmolality "if osmo is high you're likely dry" |
| which pt is highest risk for hyperkalemia? a. GI bleeding with admin of 3 units PRBCs b. severe vomiting and dehydration with admin 4L LR c. heart failure pt started on an ACE inhibitor and spironolactone d. refeeding syndrome after being NPO for 5 days | c. heart failure pt started on an ACE inhibitor and spironolactone ACE blunts aldosterone- in the presence of aldosterone K is excreted by the renal tubules |
| development of a u wave on ECG is indicative of what? a. hypokalemia b. hypermagnesemia c. hypophosphatemia d. hypercalcemia | a. hypokalemia also can cause ST depression, PVCs, prolonged QT interval potentiates digoxin activity |
| what ECG change would you expect in a pt with K of 6.2? a. prolonged PR interval b. shortened QT interval c. tall peaked T waves d. prominent U wave | c. tall peaked T waves Give insulin to transport K back into cell NA-K pump: NA-depolarization, K-repolarization (T wave) |
| patient in torsades de pointes. K 2.9 and mag 1.1 which electrolyte will you replace first? a. magnesium b. potassium | a. magnesium |
| signs of hypermagnesemia include: a. tetany, rigid extremities b. muscle weakness, lethargy c. decreased deep tendon reflexes, tetany d. lethargy, torsades de pointes | b. muscle weakness, lethargy When mag is high pts get "mag drag" |
| 65 yo admitted after cardiac arrest. Labs K 4.7, Mg 5.2, Na 148. pt is hypotensive and flaccid. Which should you anticipate? a. emergent dialysis b. administer 1 amp calcium gluconate IV c. administer nebulized mucomyst d. administer kayexalate | b. administer 1 amp calcium gluconate IV |
| signs of hypocalcemia include: a. tall peaked T waves b. Chvostek's sign c. ST depression d. hepatojugular reflex sign | b. Chvostek's sign facial twitch when tapping cheek |
| when taking pt's BP arm and hand muscles spasm. you suspect which electrolyte imbalance? a. hyperphosphatemia b. hypercalcemia c. hyperkalemia d. hypermagnesemia | a. hyperphosphatemia Trousseau's sign |
| hypocalcemia s/s | bronchospasm, bleeding Ca needed to clot |
| If electrolytes are low you might see... | alkolosis if you drop acid you get high |
| hyperkalemia treatment | insulin (transport Kback into cell) albuteral (speeds up Na-Kpump) dialysis (removes K) Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) |
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