1830808
Description
Flashcards by libbystraw1, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by libbystraw1
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Define biodiversity | the variety of genes, species and ecosystems in an area |
| define biosphere | the thin veneer of living material on the planet's surface |
| define biome | a global scale ecosystem e.g tropical rainforest |
| define biomass | the total weight of living matter per unit area |
| What is a biodiversity hotspot? Give examples. | Areas with > high species richness > high levels of endemism > often facing severe human threats e.g. Indo-Burma hotspot & Philippines hotspot |
| Why are island habitats often ideal for biodiversity? E.g Micronesia | > Lack of factors to limit growth (plenty of light, warmth and rain) > Decay and nutrient cycling is rapid > Isolation limits human influence > large areas to support large species numbers > Evolution 'goes its own way' > Altitude means that one island can provide habitats for different species |
| Describe the Indo-Burma hotspot | > covers more than 2million km2 of tropical Asia > 6 large species discoveries in the last 12 years > High numbers of endemic freshwater turtle species > almost 1300 different bird species |
| Describe the Philippines hotspot | > more than 7100 islands make up the Philippines hotspot > One of the world's most biologically diverse areas > many endemic species > 6000 plant and bird species |
| What are the 3 main factors that influence biodiversity? | 1. The climate (precipitation, light intensity, wind etc.) 2. Endemism (species that are unique to a certain area e.g. 90% of Hawaii's plant species are not found anywhere else) 3. Human activity (threat to biodiversity) |
| how can human activity impact biodiversity? | Human activity changes ecosystems structures, fragmenting them and altering land use by... > loss and degradation of habitats > over-exploitation > introduction if invasive species > pollution > climate change |
| What are the 4 ecosystem services? | 1. Supporting (nutrient cycling, soil formation, primary production) 2. Provisioning (food, fresh water, wood/fibre, fuel) 3. Regulating (climate, food, disease, water purification) 4. Cultural (aesthetic, spiritual, educational, recreational) |
| What are the 5 constituents of well-being? | 1. Security 2. Basic material for good life 3. Health 4. Good social relations 5. Freedom of choice and action |
| What is the value of coral reefs? | 1. Biodiversity (25% of marine fish) 2. shoreline protection 3. Food 4. Medicine 5. The aquarium trade 6. Decorative objects (regulated by law) 7. Building materials 8. Education and research 9. Tourism |
| What are the social, economic and environmental of rabbits in Australia? | Social: displacement of farmers and their families, spread of Myxomatosis can affect pets Economic: abandoned farms = loss of income Environmental = change to the landscape |
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