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Description
Flashcards by georgia neale, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by georgia neale
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Toomai | Sahelanthropus tchadensis |
| Sahelanthropus tchadensis origin? | West Central Africa, fossils found in Chad |
| Sahelanthropus tchadensis age? | 6-7 million years ago |
| Sahelanthropus tchadensis features? | small brain bipedal - nearly complete cranium fossil - the position of the foramen magnum is located under the skull small and blunt canines large browridge |
| Lucy | Australopithecus afarensis, Gracile Australopiths |
| Australopithecus afarensis origin? | Eastern Africa |
| Australopithecus afarensis age? | 3.8 - 2.9 million years ago |
| Australopithecus afarensis features? | ape-like proportions in arms, fingers and canines bipdeal - arched feet, nonopposable big toe, walked with gait knee fossil - like modern humans small brain - apelike powerful chewing capacities |
| Handyman | Homo habilis |
| Homo habilis origin? | Eastern and Southern Africa |
| Homo habilis age? | 2.4 - 1.4 million years ago |
| Homo habilis features? | tools meat brain nose |
| Rob | Paranthropus robustus, Robustus Australopiths |
| Paranthropus robustus origin? | South Africa |
| Paranthropus robustus age? | 1.8 - 1.2 million years ago |
| Paranthropus robustus features? | Bipedal males tall, females short ridge Teeth - hard foods like nuts/seeds, diets overlapped with Graciles face |
| OT | Orrorin tugenensis |
| Orrorin tugenensis age? | 6 million years ago |
| Orrorin tugenensis origin? | Tugen Hills, Africa |
| Orrorin tugenensis features? | 12 fossils - thick femur fossil is more humanlike - bipedal canines and incisos - chimpanzeelike thick molars - humanlike arm and finger bones - chimpanzeelike for climbing |
| Ardi | Ardipithecus ramidus |
| Ardipithecus ramidus age? | 4.4 million years ago |
| Ardipithecus ramidus origin? | fossils - parts of teeth and jaws, lower skull, upper arms Poor condition fossils - crumbled Ardi - female, short limbs - suggested not suspensory locomotion Skull on top of spine - upright posture Pelvis - suggests upright gait |
| Taung child | Australopithecus africanus, Gracile Australopith |
| Australopithecus africanus age? | 3 - 2..2 million years go |
| Australopithecus africanus origin? | Southern Africa |
| Australopithecus africanus features? | males tall, females short very similar to A. afarensis/ Lucy Large molars, large jaw Buttressed face - hard shelled food consumption |
| Lake Turkana | Homo ergaster |
| Homo ergaster age? | 1.8 mya |
| Homo ergaster origin? | Kenya, Ethiopia, South Africa Lake Turkana - co-existed for 500,000 years with Homo habilis |
| Homo ergaster features? | Larger brain - 800cc Small jaws Tall Less prognathic face Horizontal ridge at back of skull - pointed appearance from side Large browridge Canines - biting and tearing Long limbs - long distance running Thoracic region - small - no language |
| Homo ergaster and tools? | Acheulean tools - 1.6- 1.4 mya biface tool - flakes to make sharp Hand axe - Mode 2 technology More sophisticated For animals - eating of meat, canines - biting and tearing |
| Dubois | Homo erectus |
| Homo erectus age? | 1.6 - 1.8 million years ago (treat with caution, assumptions made 100 years before geolotists returns for stratigraphic provenance) |
| Homo erectus features? | More massive face Less domed cranium Femur fossils - short and stocky Does not show increase in cranial capacity, technological sophistication and behavioural flexibility as other Hominins |
| Homo erectus and tools? | Olddowan Mode 1 tools Indicative of cognitive differences or environmental differences between East Asia and Africa |
| HH | Homo heidelbergensis |
| Homo heidelbergensis age? | 700,000 - 200,000 years ago |
| Homo heidelbergensis origin? | Greece and Zambia |
| Homo heidelbergensis features? | Skull - vertical sides, high forehead, rounded back Prognathic face Large browridge Robust bodies Large brain - 1,300c |
| Neanderthals | Homo neanderthalensis |
| Homo neanderthalensis age? | 400,000 - 40,000 years ago |
| Homo neanderthalensis origin? | Europe |
| Homo neanderthalensis features? | Large brains - 1500cc Rounded cranium Small back teeth, large front teeth Robust bodies - conserve heat in a cold environment |
| Homo neanderthalensis and lifestyle? | buried the dead -abundance of complete skeletons most likely mobile, hunter-gatherers beautiful ornaments found at Arcy sur Cure |
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