111166
Description
Flashcards by Molly Atkinson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Molly Atkinson
about 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Where are the broads located? | The Norfolk Broads are located in the county of Norfolk, England. They share a coast with the North Sea, next to 3 of Norfolk's main rivers – Waveney, Bure and Yare |
| What is the area like? | One of Britain's National Parks, the Norfolk Broads is a wetland; it is a network of marshland, peat bogs, streams, lakes and rivers containing freshwater. It is characterized by lots of peat islands surrounded by water flows. This is an area of 20km of navigable waterways near to the mouth of the River Yare. Tourism they believe brings in as much as £20-30m pa and the positive multiplier effect would bring benefits to a number of different groups. |
| How is the area used for farming? | Draining the land: decrease in high nutrient content and destruction of aquatic habitats and life ~ corruption in food chains hence the ecosystem however, recreational/building space is created and new life can be introduced. Fertilizers draining into the water as a result of increased arable and less pastoral farming has led to algal bloom so sun is blocked from aquatic plants = they die so fish have not enough to eat = dead plants are decomposed by bacteria which use up oxygen to respire = death of all aquatic life: this process is called eutrophication. Irrigation: flooding dry land = nourished soil = flourishing of new plants and life - but means that resources need to be removed = habitats destroyed, freshwater supply is restricted because of public water supply: could mean that more recreational purposes could be introduced such as fishing benefiting local economy. |
| How is the area used for tourism? | Boats: wave production rates are increased with higher boat speeds. Larger force = bank and bed erosion, leaching of chemicals, waste and oil into water = water contamination = water pollution = destruction of life/noise pollution scared animals, lead weights have also caused injury to swans who accidentally swallow them: but generates business and is a source of recreation through boat trips. Fishing: over fishing - loss in aquatic life as fish cannot reproduce fast enough to replace their numbers and maintain food chain: but could mean that other fish species in water have more of a chance of survival. |
| What are some other features of the Broads? | Industry: air pollution contributing to global warming on a large scale/contributing to unhealthy air on a local scale = acid rain so soil gets eroded and becomes unsuitable for plant growth: noise pollution scares animals away decreasing biodiversity: also results in water pollution as it becomes contaminated by leaching waste. Flooding: destructive to animals and habitats - erosion to banks and beds - salt can cause salinisation of river water causing loss in life and ''poisoning" of soils: but soil/land becomes nourished with new nutrients so new life can flourish easily. Wind farms and very unsightly and noisy Population growth has meant an increase demand for fresh water |
| What are the effects of the broads on people? | With the lowering of the water table much of the land has shrunk to below river bed levels and thereby increasing the risk of flooding as banks are breached after periods of heavy and prolonged rainfall Disappearance of the Broads will affect tourism and result in a –ve multiplier effect Farmers who have moved to arable farming receive increased payment from the EU as this is more profitable that pastoral farming Congestion will lead to a decrease and additional problems for the tourist trade |
| How is the area being managed? | active since 1947 was the making of the Broads as a National Park. The act for the Broads was passed in 1976 after which many plans began investigating how the area could be protected. Water quality was improved to decrease the nutrient content of water: nutrient leaching sources were identified and investigated. Water is now monitored regularly by the Water Authority and treated if necessary. Nutrient-rich sediment can also be dredged though this is expensive. Eutrophication has been reduced by using biological manipulation. This involves the removing of fish from water to allow an increase in the water flea population which allows the ridding of algae hence a reduction in the eutrophication process. When the fish return, they eat the water fleas so biodiversity balance is restored. Farmers have been encouraged to turn to pastoral rather than arable farming. They are also encouraged to use traditional farming methods such as that of using organic fertiliser and brining back hedges and hedgerows by getting paid for this by the government. Tourism and boating is regulated. Alternative footpaths allow land to regenerate. Zoning puts limits on areas allowed to be used for different sports for example; water skiing is restricted to the Rivers Yare and Waveney. Boat size and speed is put a limit to so that less erosion occurs and wildlife is not disturbed. |
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