10717251
Description
Flashcards by Elizabeth Then, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Elizabeth Then
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Oncology drug treatments | most non-specific cytotoxics, will target normal as well as cancer cells cells most susceptible, rapidly dividing |
| Chemotherapy antibiotics | activate immune system to target cancer cells |
| Combination chemotherapy | almost always used 2-3 drugs together intermittently advantages: greater response rate, decrease side effects Disadvantages: more time receiving treatment |
| Breast cancer treatment | Adjuvant chemotherapy is FEC-D 3 cycles of flurouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide every 21 days adverse effetcs, bone marrow toxicity, renal and hepatic toxicity |
| Nursing staff in cancer treatment | ensure safety and correct administration report adverse effetcs safety and handling of cytotoxic drugs psychological support for pts and families |
| Breast cancer treatments | Oestrogen receptor modulators SERMS such as tamoxifen monoclonal antibody against HER2 - trastuzumab |
| Breast cancer treatments side effects | chemotherapy resistance, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malnutrition, anaemia |
| Female reproductive cycles- feedback control | Oestrogen inhibits further FSH and LH release from anterior pituitary Progestrone inhibits GnRH, FSH, LH secretion from hypothalamus and pituitary Negative feed back cycles- key to effects of oral contraceptives |
| Oestrogens used clinically | Primary hypogonadism- lack of ovary function Primary amenorrhoea- absence of menstruation Preventing ovulation- Oral contraceptive pill with progestin contraception- 20-50mcg/day Replacement therapy HRT- 5-20mcg/day |
| Oestrogens for contraception | prevent ovulation natural and synthetic, 20-50mcg/day can be mono or multi-phasic |
| Oestrogen for post menopausal = HRT | prevents vasomotor symptoms, and slows bone resorption 5- 10mcg/day= HRT, mixed results with benefits vs risks (breast cancer, blood clots) |
| Anti oestrogens used clinically | cancer treatments- tamoxifen blocks oestrogen binding at breast tissue |
| Progestins used clinically contraception | contraceptions with oestrogen (COC) or Progesterone only (mini pill) for when COC contraindicated = high BP, clot risk, older age, breast feeding, smoker, also high dose for emergency contraception |
| Combination oral contraceptive (COC) | most effective form of contraception oestrogen and progestin 20-50mcg/day used in 21 days active tabs 7 days inactive tabs |
| Side effects of COC | weight gain hypertension nausea flushing dizziness mood changes amenorrhoea |
| Male reproductive system | controlled by hypothalamic GnRH= Increase FSH (Gametogenesis) LH (Sperm maturation), testosterone production Testosterone= muscle and bone growth |
| Androgen clinical uses | Male hypogonadism, aplastic anaemia, wasting cachexic states, (e.g. cancer/AIDS) Anabolics |
| Anti- androgen clinical uses | prostate cancer, stall precocious puberty |
| Adverse effects of androgens male and female | men- testicular atrophy, steility, gynaecomastia Women- inhibition of ovulation, hirsutism, deepening of voice, alopecia, acne |
| Erectile dysfunction | dues to age, loss of libido, medication, disease |
| Treatment of erectile dysfunction | PDE inhibitors e.g. viagra (sildenafil, prolongs erectile vasodilatation and blood flow. |
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