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| Question | Answer |
| What is (Bio)informatics? | 1. Application of statistical methods to scientific research in biology and medicine 2. Development of new tools 3. answer scientific questions |
| What are general steps to solve a scientific question? | 1. identify a problem 2. collect data 3. analyse the data 4. conclusion |
| What two types of statistical methods are there? | 1. Descriptive statistics 2. inferential (schließende) statistics |
| What is descriptive statistics? | - how can we summarize and reduce the data? f.ex. with a Histogramm or with descriptive tools such as mean, sd, median... |
| What is inferential statistics? | - what can we infere, what can we conclude from the data? - testing a hypothesis, making predictions about a population f.ex.: t-test |
| How do we measure the median, mean and mode? | Median: (middle value when data is sorted) mean: (Sum of the values devided by the numbers of values ) mode: (most common value) |
| How to we measure the variance and the standard deviation | SD= distance from the mean Variance= squared distance from the mean |
| What are the two types of data? | Numerical and categorical |
| What are numerical data? | Quantitative (can be measured numerically) Can be Continous (height, infinitive number of decimals) Can be discrete (full numbers or maximum restricted number of values, children can´t be countd in half) |
| What is categorical data | Qualitative data Can be devided into groups or categories f.ex. hair color, education etc |
| How cann you organize data? | stacked data: Each row is for one individual • Information for multiple variables is possible • Should be the primary way to store raw data Unstacked data • Divides data in groups • Can only take two variables at the time • This format is useful for some statistical tests two way tables categorical data can implement two variables (group 1,2 for eye colour blue and brown) |
| What is complete and incomplete data? | incomplete data: cruicial data is missing! |
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