Finance and banking

Question	Answer
afford sth.	sich etw. leisten können To be able to meet the expense of sth.; have or be able to spare the price of sth.
asset	Vermögenswert Something valuable that an entity owns, benefits from, or has use of, in generating income
Something valuable that an entity owns, benefits from, or has use of, in generating income	Geldautomat/Bankautomat ATM = Automated Teller Machine Computerized machine that permits bank customers to gain access to their accounts with a magnetically encoded plastic card and a code number. It enables the customers to perform several banking operations without the help of a teller, such as to withdraw cash, make deposits, pay bills, obtain bank statements, effect cash transfers.
audit	Prüfung/Überprüfung Systematic examination and verification of a private individual or company's books of account, transaction records, other relevant documents, and physical inspection of inventory by qualified accountants (called auditors).
to audit	prüfen/überprüfen Systematic examination and verification of a private individual or company's books of account, transaction records, other relevant documents, and physical inspection of inventory by qualified accountants (called auditors).
bailout	Rettungsaktion the act of helping a person or organization that is in difficulty, usually by giving or giving or lending money:
balance sheet	Bilanz a statement of the financial position of a business that lists the assets, liabilities, and owner's equity at a particular point in time. In other words, the balance sheet illustrates your business's net worth.
bank statement	Kontoauszug/Bankauszug Report released (on a fixed date every month) by banks that lists deposits, withdrawals, checks paid, interest earned, and service charges or penalties incurred on an account. It shows the cumulative effect of these transactions the account's balance, up to the date the report was prepared.
bankrupt	bankrott the legal declaration of being unable to pay what you owe and having the control of your financial matters given, by a court of law, to a person who sells your property to pay your debts. The Difference between insolvency and bankruptcy. ... Simply speaking, insolvency is a financial state of being – one that is reached when you are unable to pay off your debts on time. Bankruptcy, on the other hand, is a legal process that serves the purpose of resolving the issue of insolvency.
barter (V)	Tauschhandel Trading in which goods or services are exchanged without the use of cash. Resorted-to usually in times of high inflation or tight money, barter is now a common form of trading in deals such as offers to buy surplus goods in exchange for advertising space or time. Advent of internet has transformed bartering from largely person-to-person to mainly business-to-business exchange where items ranging from manufacturing capacity to steel and paper are bartered across international borders on a daily basis.
bonds	Anleihen an official paper given by the government or a company to show that you have lent them money that they will pay back to you at a particular interest rate.
to borrow	ausleihen, Kredit aufnehmen to receive money from a bank or other financial organisation with the intention of paying it back over a period of time, usually with interest added on.
break-even point (n)	Gewinnschwelle The production level where total revenues equals total expenses. In other words, the break-even point is where a company produces the same amount of revenues as expenses either during a manufacturing process or an accounting period.
bridging loan (n)	Überbrückungskredit an arrangement by which a bank lends a person some money for a short time until that person can get the money from somewhere else, often so that they can buy another house before they sell their own.
budget	Etat, Budget, Diaet an estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time.
capital	Kapital
capital gains tax (n)	Kapitalgewinnsteuer tax on the profits made from selling something you own.
cash	Bargeld money in notes and coins
cash flow (n)	Bargeldumlauf the amount of money moving into and out of a business. Can be an indicator of a firm's liquidity.
corporate tax (n)	Körperschaftssteuer A direct tax imposed by a jurisdiction on the income or capital of corporations or analogous legal entities.
cost of living (n)	Lebensunterhaltskosten The amount of money that people need to spend in order to buy basic goods or services such as food, clothes, and a place to live:
credt	Kredit Money, goods, or services provided with the expectation of future payment; purchasing power created by banks through lending.
currency (n)	Währung a system of money in general use in a particular country.
debt	Schuld a sum of money that is owed or due
deflation	Deflation Downturn in an economic cycle caused by circumstances, or brought about by government policies. Deflation is opposite of inflation and is characterized by: (1) increase in citizens' purchasing power due to the falling prices (2) decrease in wages, or slowdown in their increase, due to falling levels of employment (3) decrease in availability of credit due to higher interest rates and/or restricted money supply (4) decrease in imports due to lack of demand
deposit	Einzahlung, Anzahlung, Kaution 1. a sum of money paid into a bank or building society account. 2. a sum payable as a first instalment on the purchase of something or as a pledge for a contract, the balance being payable later.
derivative (n)	Derivat a contract between two or more parties whose value is based on an agreed-upon underlying financial asset (like a security) or set of assets (like an index). Common underlying instruments include bonds, commodities, currencies, interest rates, market indexes, and stocks.
dividend (n)	Dividende Part of the profit of a public company that is paid to shareholders.
down payment (n)	Anzahlung The initial upfront portion of the total amount due used in the context of the purchase of expensive items such as a car and a house, often given in cash at the time of finalizing the transaction.
due	fällig Having reached the date at which payment is required.
equity	1. Eigenkapital, 2. Aktienkapital 1. Ownership interest or claim of a holder of common stock (ordinary shares) and some types of preferred stock (preference shares) of a company. 2. Net worth of a person or company computed by subtracting total liabilities from the total assets.
expenditure	Ausgaben an expenditure represents a payment with either cash or credit to purchase goods or services. An expenditure is recorded at a single point in time (the time of purchase), compared to an expense which is allocated or accrued over a period of time.
expense	Aufwand the amount that is recorded as an offset to revenues or income on a company’s income statement.
fair value (n)	Zeitwert, Fair-Value A price paid by a buyer who knows the value of what he or she is buying, to a seller who also knows the value of what is being sold, i.e., neither is cheating the other.
finance	Finanz a broad term that describes activities associated with banking, leverage or debt, credit, capital markets, money, and investments.. Finance also encompasses the oversight, creation, and study of money, banking, credit, investments, assets, and liabilities that make up financial systems.
financial statement (n)	Finanzbericht a report prepared by a company’s management to present the financial performance and position at a point in time.
fintech (n)	Finanztechnologie a portmanteau of finance and technology. It is the term used to refer to innovations in the financial and technology crossover space, and typically refers to companies or services that use technology to provide financial services to businesses or consumers.
fund	Fonds A financial instrument that collects invested money for a special purpose.
go bust (v)	Pleite gehen/machen To spend or lose all of one's money; to go broke.
goodwill (n)	Wohlwert, ideeller Geschäftswert 1. Commerce: the value to a company or organization of things that cannot be directly measured, for example, its good reputation or its customers' loyalty. 2. Accounting: the difference between the value of a company's assets and what profit it is expected to make in the future, which is included in the price paid when it is bought or sold.
hedge (v)	hedge an investment activity made in order to reduce the risk of losing money on shares, bonds, etc. that you own, for example, by buying futures (= agreements to sell shares for a particular price at a date in the future) or options (= the rights to buy or sell shares for a particular price within a particular time period).
hedge fund (n)	Hedgefond an offshore investment fund, typically formed as a private limited partnership, that engages in speculation using credit or borrowed capital.
income	Einkommen money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments.
income tax	Lohnsteuer, Einkommensteuer a tax that you have to pay on your income, usually higher for people with larger incomes
inflation (n)	Inlfation, Geldentwertung A sustained, rapid increase in prices, as measured by some broad index (such as Consumer Price Index) over months or years, and mirrored in the correspondingly decreasing purchasing power of the currency.
inheritance tax (n)	Erbschaftssteuer a tax paid on money or property you have received from someone who has died.
insolvent (n)	Insolvenz similar to bankrupt. Not having enough money to pay debts, buy goods, etc. The Difference between Insolvency and Bankruptcy. ... Simply speaking, insolvency is a financial state of being – one that is reached when you are unable to pay off your debts on time. Bankruptcy, on the other hand, is a legal process that serves the purpose of resolving the issue of insolvency.
instalment (n)	Rate regular debt or loan (re)payments paid over time.
interest rate (n)	Zinsrate the percentage amount that you pay for borrowing money, or get for lending money, for a period of time, usually revised monthly, quarterly or annually.
leverage (n)	Hebelwirkung, Hebelkraft 1. The act of using borrowed money to buy an investment or a company. 2. to use something that you already have in order to achieve something new or better
levy a tax on sth. (v)	etw. mit einer Steuer belegen Impose or collect an amount (such as a tax) by compulsion or legal authority.
liability (n)	Haftung, Verpflichtung A claim against the assets, or legal obligations of a person or organization, arising out of past or current transactions or actions.
liquidity (n)	Liquidität the state of having enough money or assets to pay any money that is owed.
loan	Darlehen Written or oral agreement for a temporary transfer of a property (usually cash) from its owner (the lender) to a borrower who promises to return it according to the terms of the agreement, usually with interest for its use.
mortgage (n)	Darlehn a secured legal agreement to borrow money from a bank or other financial organisation, especially to buy a house or other property, or the amount of money borrowed. The amount borrowed is usually secured on the property.
overdraft (n)	Überziehungskredit an amount of money that a customer with a bank account is temporarily allowed to owe to the bank, or the agreement which allows this.
pay off a loan (v)	ein Darlehen tilgen To pay back the full amount of a borrowed sum, including both the loan principal and interest.
payroll tax (n)	Lohnsteuer Income tax and other statutory deductions made by the employer from the employee's gross salary or wages.
pension (n)	Rente money paid by the government (public) or a company (provate) to a retired person
rebate	Erstattung part of a payment that is officially given back. This may be for goods, services or revenue (taxes).
reserves (n)	Reserven a supply of a commodity or money not needed for immediate use but available if required.
risk-averse (adj)	Risiko abgeneigt unwilling to take risks or wanting to avoid risks as much as possible.
salary (n)	Gehalt a fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly basis but often expressed as an annual sum, made by an employer to an employee, especially a professional or white-collar worker.
share (n)	Aktie A single unit of ownership in a corporation that represents an equal proportion of that company's capital. It entitles its holder (the shareholder) to an equal claim on the company's profits and an equal obligation for the company's debts and losses. Two major types of shares are: ordinary shares (common stock), which entitle the shareholder to share in the earnings of the company as and when they occur, and to vote at the company's annual general meetings and other official meetings preference shares (preferred stock) which entitle the shareholder to a fixed periodic income (interest) but generally do not give him or her voting rights
shares (n)	Aktien one of the equal parts that the ownership of a company is divided into, and that can be bought by members of the public.
stake	Anteil is the portion owned or invested by an individual or a company in a business venture.
standing order (n)	Dauerauftrag an instruction to a bank to pay a particular amount of money at regular times from a person's bank account to another bank account.
stock (n)	Aktien the amount of money that a company has through selling shares to people.
stock exchange (n)	Börse Organized and regulated financial market where securities (bonds, notes, shares) are bought and sold at prices governed by the forces of demand and supply.
subsidy (n)	Subvention Money given to producers or service providers to allow them to sell them more cheaply
tax evasion (n)	Steuerhinterziehung, Steuerflucht Unlawful attempt to minimize tax liability through fraudulent techniques to circumvent or frustrate tax laws, such as deliberate under-statement of taxable income or willful non-payment of due taxes.
tax threshold (n)	Schwellenwert the level of income or money earned above which people or companies must pay tax, or must pay a higher rate of tax.
taxation	Besteuerung the system of taxing people and organisations
transfer money	Geld überweisen To send money from one account to another.
value-added tax (n)	Umsatzsteuer Abbreviated VAT, an indirect tax on the domestic consumption of goods and services, except those that are zero-rated (such as food and essential drugs) or are otherwise exempt (such as exports). It is levied at each stage in the chain of production and distribution from raw materials to the final sale based on the value (price) added at each stage. It is not a cost to the producer or the distribution chain members, and whereas its full brunt is borne by the end consumer, it avoids the double taxation (tax on tax) of a direct sales tax. Introduced by the European Economic Community (now the European Union) in the 1970s.
volatile (adj)	unbeständig likely to change often or suddenly and unexpectedly. Often used to describe the unpredictabilty of financial markets.
wages	Lohn, Gehalt a fixed regular payment earned for work or services, typically paid on a daily or weekly basis to blue collar workers.
yield (n)	Ertrag, Ausbeute, Gewinn The annual income earned from an investment, expressed usually as a percentage of the money invested.
yield sth. (v)	etw. einbringen To produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, industrial, or even virtual/abstract product).

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	Created by Sophie Strehl over 3 years ago