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Nutrition Practice Exam 1

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NUTR (EXAM 1) Quiz on Nutrition Practice Exam 1, created by Mari Magabo on 18/09/2016.
Mari Magabo
Quiz by Mari Magabo, updated more than 1 year ago
Mari Magabo
Created by Mari Magabo over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells?
Answer
  • Digestion
  • Metabolism
  • Absorption
  • Catabolism

Question 2

Question
What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
Answer
  • Fat content
  • Essential amino acid content
  • Complex carbohydrate content
  • Nonessential amino acid content

Question 3

Question
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of
Answer
  • amino acids.
  • double bonds.
  • saccharide units.
  • peptide linkages.

Question 4

Question
What is the primary storage form of carbohydrate in the body?
Answer
  • Fiber
  • Starch
  • Glucose
  • Glycogen

Question 5

Question
After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?
Answer
  • Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum
  • Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon
  • Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
  • Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum

Question 6

Question
Which of the following cannot add fat to the body?
Answer
  • Alcohol
  • Proteins
  • Carbohydrates
  • Inorganic nutrients

Question 7

Question
Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?
Answer
  • Glucose formation from glycerol
  • Pyruvate formation from glucose
  • Albumin formation from amino acids
  • Palmitic acid formation from acetate

Question 8

Question
In comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found in proteins makes them unique?
Answer
  • Carbon
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Hydrogen

Question 9

Question
Any of the following can be used by the body for the synthesis of a nonessential amino acid EXCEPT
Answer
  • a fragment of fat.
  • an essential mineral.
  • an essential amino acid.
  • a fragment of carbohydrate.

Question 10

Question
The application of heat or acid to a protein that causes its shape to change is known as
Answer
  • stiffening
  • condensation
  • denaturation
  • destabilization

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is a feature of fat metabolism?
Answer
  • Cholesterol is stored primarily on the surface of veins
  • High-density lipoproteins represent the major transport vehicle for delivering fat to the adipose cells
  • Fat storage is highly efficient due to the rapid uptake of the intact triglyceride molecule by adipose cells
  • Triglycerides in the blood must first be broken down to monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol prior to uptake by the adipose cells

Question 12

Question
The process by which food is broken down into absorbable components is called
Answer
  • digestion
  • absorption
  • excretion
  • mastication

Question 13

Question
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a
Answer
  • diglyceride
  • triglyceride
  • phospholipid
  • monoglyceride

Question 14

Question
An important function of fat in the body is to
Answer
  • build muscle tissue.
  • regulate blood glucose levels.
  • protect vital organs against shock.
  • provide precursors for glucose synthesis.

Question 15

Question
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
Answer
  • It is absorbed directly into the blood
  • It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
  • It is not formed in the body when provided by the diet
  • It is found in abundance in tropical fats such as palm oil

Question 16

Question
Which of the following terms is NOT used to classify amino acids in the diet?
Answer
  • Essential
  • Nonessential
  • Partially essential
  • Conditionally essential

Question 17

Question
When two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is called a
Answer
  • dipeptide.
  • diglyceride
  • polypeptide.
  • disaccharide.

Question 18

Question
A person who eats a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast every day is most likely making a food choice based on
Answer
  • habit
  • availability
  • body image
  • environmental concerns

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells?
Answer
  • Diffusion
  • Transmigration
  • Active transport
  • Facilitated diffusion

Question 20

Question
What is a bolus?
Answer
  • Enzyme that hydrolyzes starch
  • Portion of food swallowed at one time
  • Device used to analyze the contents of the stomach
  • Sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine

Question 21

Question
Which of the following is a feature of diabetes?
Answer
  • Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese
  • Most people who have diabetes require insulin therapy
  • Diabetes results chiefly from excess dietary intake of simple carbohydrates
  • People with type 1 diabetes fail to respond to the insulin made by the pancreas

Question 22

Question
Among the following, which would be the least effective method to control blood cholesterol levels?
Answer
  • Control body weight
  • Eat more insoluble fiber
  • Consume less saturated fat
  • Engage in physical activity

Question 23

Question
What is the name given to partially digested food in the stomach?
Answer
  • Chyme
  • Liquid food
  • Gastric mucus
  • Semiliquid mass

Question 24

Question
What type of fatty acid is found in high amounts in olive oil?
Answer
  • Saturated
  • Monounsaturated
  • Polyunsaturated
  • Partially hydrogenated

Question 25

Question
The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to
Answer
  • raise the pH of chyme.
  • lower the pH of chyme.
  • hydrolyze large peptides.
  • provide a little fizz in your life.

Question 26

Question
When amino acids are deaminated, the immediate products are ammonia and often a
Answer
  • uric acid.
  • keto acid.
  • folic acid.
  • gluco acid.

Question 27

Question
A low risk of cardiovascular disease correlates with high blood levels of
Answer
  • triglycerides.
  • free fatty acids.
  • high-density lipoproteins.
  • very-low-density lipoproteins.

Question 28

Question
When nitrogen taken into the body exceeds nitrogen losses, we say the person is in
Answer
  • a healthy state.
  • nitrogen equilibrium.
  • positive nitrogen balance.
  • negative nitrogen balance.

Question 29

Question
Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?
Answer
  • Colon
  • Ileum
  • Stomach
  • Duodenum

Question 30

Question
A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods is termed a(n)
Answer
  • neutraceutical
  • metabolic unit.
  • organic nutrient.
  • essential nutrient.

Question 31

Question
Bile is known to assist in the absorption of
Answer
  • fat only.
  • all nutrients.
  • carbohydrate and fat only.
  • carbohydrate, fat, and protein only.

Question 32

Question
Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of making poor food choices?
Answer
  • Over the long term, they will reduce lifespan in some people
  • They can promote heart disease and cancer over the long term
  • Over the long term, they will not affect lifespan in some people
  • When made over just a single day, they exert great harm to your health

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is an example of the difference between the chemical bonds in starch and those in cellulose?
Answer
  • Starch bonds are single
  • Starch bonds are fatty acids
  • Cellulose bonds release energy
  • Cellulose bonds are not hydrolyzed by human enzymes

Question 34

Question
Which of the following is a consequence of excess protein intake?
Answer
  • Decreased excretion of calcium
  • Decreased size of the liver and kidneys
  • Increased production and excretion of urea
  • Increased protein storage by the liver and kidneys

Question 35

Question
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient?
Answer
  • Lecithin
  • Cholesterol
  • Stearic acid
  • Linoleic acid

Question 36

Question
Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose?
Answer
  • Glucose
  • Maltose
  • Sucrose
  • Fructose

Question 37

Question
If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
Answer
  • Body cells will synthesize it
  • Protein synthesis will be limited
  • Health will not be affected as long as other nutrients are adequate
  • Proteins will be made but they will lack that particular amino acid

Question 38

Question
Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?
Answer
  • Corn
  • Olives
  • Roasted turkey
  • Roasted peanuts

Question 39

Question
After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?
Answer
  • Free amino acids only
  • Free amino acids and oligopeptides
  • Free amino acids and dipeptides only
  • Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides

Question 40

Question
What term is specific to reactions in which simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules?
Answer
  • Anabolic
  • Catabolic
  • Ergogenic
  • Gluconeogenic

Question 41

Question
In which of the following are ample amounts of carbohydrates almost always found?
Answer
  • Plant foods
  • Health foods
  • Animal products
  • Protein-rich foods

Question 42

Question
What type of nutrient is starch?
Answer
  • Fiber
  • Gluten
  • Simple carbohydrate
  • Complex carbohydrate

Question 43

Question
The hepatic portal vein empties into the
Answer
  • liver
  • heart
  • pancreas
  • hepatic vein.

Question 44

Question
Nutrients are chemicals obtained from food and used by the body to provide energy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract?
Answer
  • A vat-like vessel
  • A rigid, solid tunnel
  • A flexible muscular tube
  • A firm, duct-like channel
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