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Communities and Ecosystems

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IB Biology (Ecology and Environment) Quiz on Communities and Ecosystems, created by hanalou on 20/02/2014.
hanalou
Quiz by hanalou, updated more than 1 year ago
hanalou
Created by hanalou almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the definition of species?
Answer
  • a community and its abiotic environment
  • a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile, viable offsrping
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time
  • organisms that live in or on non-living matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the produce from digestion

Question 2

Question
What is a population?
Answer
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time
  • the environment a species normally lives or the location of a living organism
  • the study of relationships between living organisms and organisms and their environment
  • a community and its abiotic environment

Question 3

Question
What is ecology?
Answer
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time
  • the environment a species normally lives or the location of a living organism
  • the study of relationships between living organisms and organisms and their environment
  • a community and its abiotic environment

Question 4

Question
What is a habitat?
Answer
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time
  • the environment a species normally lives or the location of a living organism
  • the study of relationships between living organisms and organisms and their environment
  • a community and its abiotic environment

Question 5

Question
What is an ecosystem?
Answer
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time
  • the environment a species normally lives or the location of a living organism
  • the study of relationships between living organisms and organisms and their environment
  • a community and its abiotic environment

Question 6

Question
What is an autotroph?
Answer
  • an organism that obtains organic molecules from other organisms
  • an organism that digests non-living matter
  • an organism that synthesises organic molecules as its food source
  • an organism that obtains food by feeding on living/recently killed matter

Question 7

Question
What is a heterotroph?
Answer
  • an organism that obtains food by feeding on living/recently killed matter
  • an organism that obtains organic molecules from other organisms
  • an organism that synthesises organic molecules as its food source
  • an organism that ingests non-living matter

Question 8

Question
What is a detritivore?
Answer
  • an organism that ingests non-living matter
  • an organism that obtains food by feeding on other organisms
  • an organism that lives on/in non-living matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the produce from digestion
  • an organism that synthesises organic molecules for it food source

Question 9

Question
What is a saprotroph?
Answer
  • an organism that lives on/in non-living matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the produce from digestion
  • an organism that ingests non-living matter
  • an organism that obtains organic molecules from other organism
  • an organism that obtains food by feeding on living/recently killed matter

Question 10

Question
What is a saprotroph?
Answer
  • an organism that lives on/in non-living matter, secreting digestive enzymes into it and absorbing the produce from digestion
  • an organism that ingests non-living matter
  • an organism that obtains organic molecules from other organism
  • an organism that obtains food by feeding on living/recently killed matter

Question 11

Question
What is a consumer?
Answer
  • an organism that obtains food by feeding on living/recently killed matter
  • a group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area
  • an organism that ingests non-living matter
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same area at the same time

Question 12

Question
What is a community?
Answer
  • a group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area
  • a group of organisms of the same species in the same place at the same time
  • the environment a species normally lives or the location of a living organism
  • a community and it abiotic environment

Question 13

Question
Describe what is meant by a food chain. Tick three answers
Answer
  • A food chain shows the linear feeding relationships between species in a community
  • A food chain shows the interaction between species in a habitat
  • The arrows represent the transfer of energy and matter as one organism is eaten by another
  • The first organism in the sequence is the consumer, followed by producers
  • The first organism in the sequence is the producer, followed by consumers

Question 14

Question
Describe what is meant by a food chain. Tick two answers
Answer
  • A food web is a diagram that shows how food chains are linked together into more complex feeding relationships within a community
  • There can only be one producer in a food web. The consumers can occupy multiple positions in the trophic levels
  • There can be more than one producer in a food web, and consumers can occupy multiple positions in the trophic levels

Question 15

Question
A trophic level refers to an organism's position in a food chain
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Deduce the trophic level(s) of the waterweed, frog and kingfisher
Image:
food_web_med (image/jpeg)
Answer
  • waterweed = 1 frog = 3 kingfisher =4
  • waterweed = 1 frog = 3,4 kingfisher =4
  • waterweed = 1 frog = 3,4 kingfisher =3,4,5
  • waterweed = 1 frog = 3,4 kingfisher =3,4

Question 17

Question
Explain the energy flow in a food chain. Tick 4.
Answer
  • Energy enters most communities as light, where it is absorbed by autotrophs (e.g. plants) and converted into chemical energy via photosynthesis
  • Energy enters most communities as light, where it is absorbed by heterotrophs (e.g. animals) and converted into chemical energy via photosynthesis
  • Only ~10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, the rest is lost
  • Energy then gets passed to the primary consumer (herbivore) when they eat the plant, and then gets passed to successive consumers (carnivores) as they are eaten in turn
  • Because ~90% of energy is lost between trophic levels, the number of trophic levels are limited as energy flow is reduced at higher levels

Question 18

Question
why is light the initial energy source for almost all communities?
Answer
  • All green plants, and some bacteria, use light as a source of energy for synthesising organic molecules
  • All green plants, animals, and some bacteria, use light as a source of energy for synthesising organic molecules
  • All green plants, and bacteria, use light as a source of energy for synthesising organic molecules

Question 19

Question
Why is the energy transformation presented as a pyramid?
Answer
  • The energy transfer is never 100% efficient
  • Each level of the pyramid of energy should be approximately one tenth the size of the level preceding it, as energy transformations are ~10% efficient
  • Typically, energy transformations in living things are ~90% efficient, with about 10% of the energy lost between trophic levels
  • Pyramids of energy will never appear inverted as some of the energy stored in one source is always lost when transferred to the next source
  • This energy may be lost as heat, be used up during cellular respiration, be excreted in faeces or remain unconsumed as the uneaten part of food

Question 20

Question
The saprotrophic activity of decomposers (certain bacteria and fungi), free inorganic materials from the dead bodies and waste products of organisms, ensuring a continual supply of raw materials for the producers (which can then be ingested by consumers)
Answer
  • True
  • False
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