35277198
Description
Quiz by Esmeralda Espitia, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Esmeralda Espitia
over 2 years ago
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Question 1
Question
1. The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept?
Answer
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a. Incidence
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b. Prevalence
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c. Ratio
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d. Risk
Question 2
Question
2. The ratio of the disease among the exposed population to the disease rate in an unexposed population is referred to as what type of risk?
Answer
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a. Attributable
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b. Contingency
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c. Causal
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d. Relative
Question 3
Question
3. What are empirical risks for most multifactorial diseases based on?
Answer
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a. Chromosomal testing
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b. Direct observation
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c. Liability thresholds
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d. Relative risks
Question 4
Question
4. What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?
Answer
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a. Diet high in saturated fats
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b. Increased production of cholesterol by the liver
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c. Reduction in the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on cell surfaces
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d. Abnormal function of lipoprotein receptors circulating in the blood
Question 5
Question
5. Which risk factor for hypertension is influenced by genetic factors and lifestyle?
Answer
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a. Sodium intake
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b. Physical inactivity
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c. Psychosocial stress
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d. Obesity
Question 6
Question
6. A student asks, “What is the percentage of all cases of breast cancer that are identified as an autosomal dominant form?” What response by the professor is best?
Answer
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a. <1
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b. 5 to 10
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c. 15 to 20
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d. 20 to 30
Question 7
Question
7. When a woman has one first-degree relative with breast cancer, her risk of developing breast cancer is how many times greater?
Answer
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a. 2
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b. 3
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c. 6
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d. 10
Question 8
Question
8. Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism when raised by a nonalcoholic parent?
Answer
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a. Twofold
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b. Threefold
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c. Fourfold
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d. Tenfold
Question 9
Question
9. Studies have identified several genes that play a role in the prevention of obesity by affecting what?
Answer
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a. Regulation of appetite
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b. Metabolizing of fat
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c. Absorption of fat
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d. Altering the sense of satiety
Question 10
Question
10. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women?
Answer
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a. Ovarian
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b. Lung
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c. Uterine
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d. Pancreatic
Question 11
Question
11. What are blood pressure variations associated with?
Answer
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a.1-Adrenergic receptors to increase heart rate
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b. The release of an antiderietic hormone
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c. The renin-angiotensin system’s effect on vasoconstriction
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d. Serum bradykinin, causing vasodilation
Question 12
Question
12. What are the two most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
Answer
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a. Autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen associations
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b. Autoantibodies and obesity
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c. Obesity and positive family history
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d. HLA associations and positive family history
Question 13
Question
13. A parent wants to know how to prevent type 1 diabetes in the newborn. The healthcare professional explains that prevention is not possible, because which of these is a major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Answer
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a. Partial insulin secretion
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b. An autoimmune cause factor
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c. Insulin resistance
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d. Obesity as a common risk factor
Question 14
Question
14. A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what?
Answer
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a. Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
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b. Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
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c. Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
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d. Stimulation of glucose production by the liver
Question 15
Question
15. Traits caused by the combined effects of multiple genes are referred to by which term?
Answer
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a. Polygenic
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b. Multifocal
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c. Modifiable
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d. Involuntary
Question 16
Question
16. Regarding type 2 diabetes, obesity is considered to be what type of risk?
Answer
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a. Genetic
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b. Empirical
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c. Relative
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d. Modifiable
Question 17
Question
17. Which disease form is associated with identified empirical risks?
Answer
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a. Polygenic
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b. Multifactorial
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c. Monozygotic
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d. Genetic
Question 18
Question
18. The number of persons living with a specific disease at a specific point in time is referred to by which term?
Answer
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a. Relativity
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b. Survivability
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c. Prevalence
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d. Incidence
Question 19
Question
19. Which type of cancer is said to aggregate among families?
Answer
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a. Breast
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b. Lung
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c. Skin
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d. Brain
Question 20
Question
20. Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer?
Answer
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a. Increased consumption of dairy products
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b. Increased consumption of foods containing vitamin C
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c. Decreased consumption of foods high in fat
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d. Decreased consumption of artificial food coloring
Question 21
Question
21. What is currently believed about the risk for developing Alzheimer disease?
Answer
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a. It is not directly related to genetic predisposition.
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b. It is higher among men than it is among women.
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c. It occurs less among Hispanics than in Asians.
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d. It doubles among those with an affected first-degree relative.
Question 22
Question
22. The number of new cases of a disease reported during a specific period divided by the number of individuals in the population is defined as which characteristic of a disease?
Answer
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a. Prevalence rate
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b. Incidence rate
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c. Relative risk
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d. Frequency
Question 23
Question
1. Which are cancers that cluster strongly in families? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
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a. Breast
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b. Colon
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c. Ovarian
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d. Lung
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e. Brain
Question 24
Question
2. Which genes are responsible for an autosomal dominant form of breast cancer? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
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a. LCAT
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b. CHK1
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c. CHK2
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d. BRCA1
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e. BRCA2
Question 25
Question
3. Which lifestyle modifications affect health-related risk factors? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
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a. Diet
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b. Exercise
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c. Education
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d. Finances
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e. Stress reduction
Question 26
Question
4. What factors are typically considered when assessing an individual’s risk for developing such common diseases as hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
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a. Age
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b. Diet
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c. Exercise habits
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d. Family history
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e. Spiritual beliefs
Question 27
Question
5. Which are examples of multifactorial diseases associated with adults? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
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a. Breast cancer
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b. Coronary heart disease
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c. Emphysema
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d. Diabetes mellitus
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e. Schizophrenia
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