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A&P II Final - Practice Questions

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Quiz on A&P II Final - Practice Questions, created by Mary Cate Grimes on 30/04/2015.
Mary Cate Grimes
Quiz by Mary Cate Grimes, updated more than 1 year ago
Mary Cate Grimes
Created by Mary Cate Grimes over 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which is NOT a major function of the kidney?
Answer
  • regulation of blood ionic composition
  • regulation of blood cell size
  • regulation of blood volume
  • regulation of blood pressure
  • regulation of blood pH

Question 2

Question
This is the formation of a new glucose molecule.
Answer
  • glycolysis
  • gluconeogenesis
  • glucosamine
  • glucose
  • calcitriol

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?
Answer
  • urea
  • glucose
  • insulin
  • cholesterol
  • carbon dioxide

Question 4

Question
This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter.
Answer
  • adipose capsule
  • renal capsule
  • renal hilus
  • renal cortex
  • renal medulla

Question 5

Question
The portion of the kidney that extends between the renal pyramids is called the
Answer
  • renal columns
  • renal medulla
  • renal pelvis
  • calyces
  • renal papilla

Question 6

Question
Which is the correct order of blood flow through the kidneys?
Answer
  • renal artery > segmental artery > interlobular artery > peritubular capillaries > afferent arterioles
  • interlobar arteries > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > arcuate veins
  • arcuate veins > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > renal vein
  • renal vein > segmental arteries > interlobar arteries > efferent arterioles
  • interlobar veins > afferent arterioles > efferent arterioles > glomerular capillaries

Question 7

Question
Which is the correct order of filtrate flow?
Answer
  • glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), collecting duct
  • loop of Henle, glomerular capsule, PCT, DCT, collecting duct
  • ascending limb of loop, PCT, DCT, collecting duct
  • collecting duct, DCT, PCT, collecting duct, glomerular capsule
  • PCT, glomerular capsule, DCT, collecting duct, loop of Henle

Question 8

Question
Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?
Answer
  • glomerular capsule
  • loop of Henle
  • ascending limb
  • collecting duct
  • proximal convoluted tubule

Question 9

Question
This is the structure of the nephron that filters blood.
Answer
  • glomerular capsule
  • loop of Henle
  • ascending limb
  • collecting duct
  • renal tubule

Question 10

Question
This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate.
Answer
  • reabsorption
  • filtration
  • secretion
  • excretion
  • none of these choices

Question 11

Question
This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate.
Answer
  • rebasorption
  • filtration
  • secretion
  • excretion
  • none of these choices

Question 12

Question
This layer of filtration membrane is composed of collagen fibers and proteoglycans in a glycoprotein matrix.
Answer
  • glomerular endothelial cells
  • basal lamina
  • pedicels
  • filtration slits
  • slit membrane

Question 13

Question
This occurs when stretching triggers contraction of smooth muscle walls in afferent arterioles.
Answer
  • glomerular filtration rate
  • tubulomerular feedback
  • myogenic mechanism
  • renal autoregulation
  • capsular hydrostatic pressure

Question 14

Question
This occurs when a substance passes from the fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane, across the cytosol, and then into the interstitial fluid.
Answer
  • paracellular reabsorption
  • transcellular reabsorption
  • apical reabsorption
  • basolateral reabsorption
  • active transport

Question 15

Question
The proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb which percentage of filtered water?
Answer
  • 25%
  • 50%
  • 65%
  • 80%
  • 99%

Question 16

Question
Which of the following is NOT a way angiotensin II affects the kidneys?
Answer
  • it increases GFR
  • in can decrease GFR
  • it enhances reabsorption of certain ions
  • it stimulates release of aldosterone
  • none of these choices

Question 17

Question
Urea recycling can cause a buildup of urea in the
Answer
  • renal capsule
  • loop of Henle
  • ascending tubule
  • renal medulla
  • renal pelvis

Question 18

Question
Increased secretion of hydrogen ions would result in a(n) ______________ of blood ____________?
Answer
  • increase; pressure
  • decrease; volume
  • increase; sodium levels
  • decrease; pH
  • increase; urea

Question 19

Question
Increased secretion of aldosterone would result in a(n) ______________ of blood ____________?
Answer
  • increase; potassium
  • decrease; volume
  • increase; calcium levels
  • decrease; pH
  • increase; sodium

Question 20

Question
An analysis of the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine is called
Answer
  • urinalysis
  • filtration study
  • concentration study
  • diuretic
  • osmolarity

Question 21

Question
Water accounts for which percentage of the total volume of urine?
Answer
  • 25%
  • 50%
  • 75%
  • 80%
  • 95%

Question 22

Question
This is a test to measure kidney function.
Answer
  • Plasma creatinine
  • Renal study
  • Kidney assay
  • Dialysis
  • Hilus study

Question 23

Question
This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.
Answer
  • urethra
  • ureter
  • descending loop of Henle
  • renal hilus
  • none of these choices

Question 24

Question
This layer of the ureter is composed of connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers.
Answer
  • mucosa
  • transitional epithelium
  • lamina propria
  • adventitia
  • lamina elastica

Question 25

Question
This lies in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder.
Answer
  • urethral sphincter
  • adventitia bundle
  • ureter
  • internal urethral orifice
  • muscularis bundle

Question 26

Question
An increase in permeability of the filtration membrane due to disease, injury, or irritation of kidney cells by substances such as bacterial toxins, ether, or heavy metals indicates which condition?
Answer
  • albuminuria
  • lucosuria
  • robilinogenuria
  • ketonuria
  • bilirubinuria

Question 27

Question
Anorexia, starvation, or a diet too low in carbohydrates indicates which condition?
Answer
  • albuminuria
  • glucosuria
  • urobilinogenuria
  • ketonuria
  • bilirubinuria

Question 28

Question
Stress, causing excessive amounts of epinephrine secretion which stimulates glycogen breakdown, indicates which condition? This condition can also indicate diabetes mellitus.
Answer
  • albuminuria
  • glucosuria
  • urobilinogenuria
  • hematuria
  • bilirubinuria

Question 29

Question
Excessive urine concentration of a normal breakdown product of hemoglobin, caused by pernicious anemia, infectious hepatitis, jaundice or cirrhosis, indicates which condition?
Answer
  • albuminuria
  • glucosuria
  • urobilinogenuria
  • hematuria
  • bilirubinuria

Question 30

Question
This substance gives bile its major pigmentation:
Answer
  • ketone bodies
  • erythrocytes
  • casts
  • bilirubin
  • glucose

Question 31

Question
These are tiny masses of material, hardened in the lumen of the urinary tubule and are flushed out when filtrate builds up behind them:
Answer
  • ketone bodies
  • erythrocytes
  • casts
  • microbes
  • urobilinogen

Question 32

Question
Candida albicans and E. coli are which type of abnormal constituent of urine:
Answer
  • ketone bodies
  • erythrocytes
  • casts
  • microbes
  • urobilinogen

Question 33

Question
Which is the normal pH range of urine in humans?
Answer
  • 8.1-10.6
  • 4.6-8.0
  • 1.0-3.0
  • 3.1-4.0
  • 10.0-12.0

Question 34

Question
What is the normal volume of urine produced in humans?
Answer
  • 1 L / hr
  • 2 L / day
  • 2 L / hr
  • 3 L / week
  • 10 L / 24 hours

Question 35

Question
What is the normal specific gravity range of urine in humans?
Answer
  • 2.350-3.700
  • 0.002-1.000
  • 4.6-8.0
  • 1.001-1.035
  • 1.04-2.60

Question 36

Question
Parasympathetic division of ANS regulates kidney functions.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
This hormone is released when the blood volume increases.
Answer
  • parathyroid hormone
  • renin
  • ADH
  • atrial natriuretic peptide
  • aldosterone

Question 38

Question
Consumption of salty food will cause an increase in this hormone.
Answer
  • aldosterone
  • renin
  • ANH
  • angiotensin-II
  • ADH

Question 39

Question
Absence of angiotensin converting enzyme will lead to
Answer
  • decreased blood pressure
  • increased blood pressure
  • will not have any effect on blood pressure
  • all of these choices
  • none of these choices
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