Exam 1

Pharmacodynamics studies drug mechanisms of action. Pharmacokinetics studies the movement of a drug through the body over time.

Pharmacokinetics studies the movement of a drug through the body over time. Pharmacodynamics studies drug mechanisms of action.

Absorption Distribution Metabolism Elimination

Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion

The intravenous route of administration results in complete absorption of API. It is better for large volumes or APIs that may irritate the skin. It can be used in emergencies for immediate action. However, adverse events are more likely since the entire dose reaches systemic circulation and it is not suitable for oily or poorly soluble solutions.

Intravenous is most convenient.

The subcutaneous route of administration is absorbed quickly for aqueous solutions but can be slow and sustained for poorly soluble suspensions. However it is not suitable for large volumes of API and pain or necrosis at the site of injections is possible.

Subcutaneous is the most convenient route of administration.

The intramuscular route of administration is absorbed quickly if the API is aqueous. It is suitable for moderate volumes, oily vehicles, or APIs that may cause irritation on the skin. However, it can interfere with the interpretation of some lab tests (i.e. creatinine kinase levels).

Intramuscular is the most convenient route of administraiton.

The oral route of administration is the most convenient and economical. However, it requires patient compliance and bioavailability can be potentially incomplete and variable.

The oral route of administration is not convenient.