Psychological Research Methods Exam practice

The WAIS intelligence quotient (IQ) is normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. I fan IQ between 85 & 115 is deemed normal, what percentage of the the general population would be considered normal?

In the four bivariate relationships given below, in terms of person-product moment correlations (r), the strongest relationship is one for which r is:

In correlational analysis, skewed variables are transformed to be normally distributed because:

Which on of the following does not increase the power of a test of r between X & Y?

In clinical trials, it is ethnically responsible to use a sample size that is sufficient enough to detect an effect but not too large as to inconvenience the patient any longer than necessary. Which sample size should the research use to ensure that she has sufficient power?

In clinical trials, it is ethnically responsible to use a sample size that is sufficient enough to detect an effect but not too large as to inconvenience the patient any longer than necessary. Which sample size should the research use to ensure that she has sufficient power?

What is a type 1 error?

A scatterplot of the residuals is NOT used to check for:

Which case will not be considered an influential in a regression of Y on X?

When a regression line is fitted to the data, the lack of fit is best described by:

If the assumption of heteroscedasticity has been violated, the residual while display...?

In multiple regression, the effect size of the prediction is given by the:

In standard multiple regression where X1 & X2 are used to predict Y, the square of the multiple correlation (R2) is:

In a standard multiple regression, X1, X2 & X3 were used to predict Y. The obtained F statistic had a probability of .001. The unstandarised equation of predicted Y was .8X1 + .4X2 + .3X3 + .5. The semi-partial correlations of X1, X2 & X3 were .15, .25 & .05 respectively. We can conclude that....

In a standard multiple regression of X1, X2 & X3 predicting Y, the tolerance value of X1 is the proportion of variance in X1 that is...

In a table of intercorrelations, predictor X1 had the highest, and statistically significant, correlation with Y (the dependent variable). Which one of the following statement is FALSE?

In a study that had collected initial weight, weight loss after training, motivation to lose weight, duration of training period, and amount of exercise, what is likely to be the dependent variable?

In the study described in (2), which of the following regression methods would allow the most sophisticated test of a theory on weight loss?

In the study described in (2), if you were select a predictor to enter in the first step, which would you select?

In a hierarchical regression predicting Y, predictors X1 and X2 as Subset A were first entered by the researcher, followed by predictors X3 and X4 as Subset B. Which one of the following statements is definitely true?

Which one of the following is most likely a polytomous variable>

A researcher collected data on religious affiliation and involvement in gambling. Religious affiliation was a polytomous variable with four categories; namely, Christian, Buddhist, Muslim, and “No religion”. Three dummy variables (0,1), called Christian, Buddhist, and Muslim, were created to represent Christian, Buddhist, and Muslim affiliations, respectively. In a stepwise multiple regression to predict gambling, Christian and Buddhist were the two predictors selected. In interpreting the effect of Christian in this regression, which one of the following statements is definitely true?

In a large sample (N = 500), removing a poor fitting case with a large standardized residual (i.e., ZRE_1) is likely to

The magnitude of the pearson product-moment correlation (r) between X & Y is not biased by:

The external validity of an experiment can by improved by:

The external validity of an experiment can by improved by:

Balancing nuisance factors (e.g., sex, age) neutralizes their potential effects on the internal validity of an experiment, but nuisance factors can still

The defining characteristic of a true experiment is:

A sample of 100 participants were randomly allocated into two equal-sized weight loss programmes - one that focussed on dieting and the other that focussed on exercise. At the end of 20 weeks of training, 32 participants remained – 20 in the dieting group and 12 in the exercise group. Results show that the weight lost by the dieting group was significantly less than that of the exercise group. A criticism of this experiment is that the findings may be biased by the effect of:

Use of control group, plus random assignment of participants to treatment, would allow us to avoid:

The ANOVA tests for differences between

A statistically significant result means that the obtained probability (p) of the test statistic is

If assumptions of the ANOVA are violated, the actual Type 1 error rate will...

A Brain Training software company claims that its 20-week training programme can increase a person’s IQ by five points. Given that the normative mean of IQ is 100, with a standard deviation of 15, the magnitude of the claimed effect is

A Brain Training software company claims that its 20-week training programme can increase a person’s IQ by five points. Given that the normative mean of IQ is 100, with a standard deviation of 15, the magnitude of the claimed effect is

Upon obtaining a significant F test result in an ANOVA comparing mean weekly gambling frequency of Catholics, Protestants and Non-Christians, what test(s) would you use to compare the group means?

In between subjects ANOVA, the error term is the unexplained variance of the dependent variable. A second facotr when included in a one-way ANOVA, making it a two-way ANOVA, has the effect of:

In a two-way ANOVA, the number of possible F ratios is

When a significant F ratio is found for interaction in ANOVA of two factors (A & B) the next steps is to test:

A researcher performed a two-way between-subjects ANOVA - the p value obtained for the first factor (AGE) was .020, the p value obtained for the second factor (GENDER) was .060 and the p value for the interaction (AGE x GENDER) was .040. The most appropriate conclusion to make at this point, without further testing, is:

Planned orthogonal contrast should be used:

The most conservative pairwise comparison between a set of four means is:

In a conventional experiment involving five planned comparisons, the bonferroni method would have a set error rate to:

Which of the following statements about a set of orthogonal contrasts between five groups is FALSE?

In an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) on the final weight of participants in a group focussing on diet and those in a group focussing on exercise, it is important to partial out the effect of:

In an one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), there is the dependent variable (DV), the independent variable (IV), and the covariate (CV). The purpose of ANCOVA is to test:

In within-subjects ANOVA, the Greenhouse-Geisser epsilon-correction procedure is employed to handle an untenable assumption about the