Energy release

The release of energy slowly from glucose is called Respiration.

ATP is formed during the respiration of glucose, but releases energy as it is used.

Respiration Equation:

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has 3 Pi (Phosphate) molecules, the last bond is broken to release energy; this forms Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) which had 2 Pi molecules.

Definitions:

Aerobic Respiration- is the process of the release of energy from food in cells using oxygen. There is a net gain of 38 ATP. Anaerobic Respiration- the process of the release of energy from food in cells in the absence of oxygen.There is a net gain of 2 ATP. Produces lactic acid in animals and CO2+ Ethanol in Plants and Yeast. Metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions occurring in a cell. Anabolism- a reaction that requires energy Catabolism- a reaction the releases energy Reduction- the gain of hydrogen in a reaction NAD- hydrogen acceptor reduced to form NADH2

A mitochondrian is a sausage shaped structure with an outer membrane and an inner membrane with folds called cristae which encloses a central matrix.

Respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and the mitochondrion. Respiration is a series of reactions where glucose is oxadised to form carbon dioxide. It is accompanied by the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. It occurs in three stages. The first stage is glycolysis which occurs in the cytoplasm.

The second stage is the krebs cycle which further breaks down pyruvic acid from the first stage. It occurs in the central matrix if the mitochondrion.

The cytochrome system is the third stage. This occurs on the cristae of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. 36 molecules of ATP are produced. 

ATP

Aerobic Respiration