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7727895
Patterns of Inheritance
Description
AS level Biology (Module 6- Genetics and Ecosystems) Mind Map on Patterns of Inheritance, created by 007842-Stuart Denton on 17/02/2017.
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biology
module 6- genetics and ecosystems
as level
Mind Map by
007842-Stuart Denton
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
007842-Stuart Denton
over 7 years ago
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Resource summary
Patterns of Inheritance
Factors affecting phenotype
Enviromental
Scars
Accents
Genetic
Persistent
Transmitter through multiple generations without change
Random
Mutates on a gene the the organism doesn't use
Sexual Reproduction
Variation occurs in Meiosis
Metaphase one
Chromatids cross over
Anaphase 1&2
Chromosome Mutations
Deletion
lost
Inversion
Turned around
Translocation
Breaks off, reconnects to another chromosome
Duplication
Non-disjunction
One pair fails to separate, extra chromosome
Aneuploidy
Chromosome number is not exact multiple for that organism
Polyploidy
Diploid fertilised by haploid = Triploid
Fusion of two diploid = Tetraploid zygote
Factors affecting Genotype
Biological
Chemical
Physical agents
Dihybrid Cross
Mendel
Two genes are inherited independently
During fertilisation any allele can bind with any other allele
Simultaneous inheritance of two characteristics
Co-dominance & Linkage
Multiple alleles- more than two variations of the gene
Can still only process two alleles, one for each gene locus
Human blood groups, three allele for one gene
If you have 2 codominant alleles, the phenotype of a homozygous organism will be different from a heterozygous because both alleles contribute
Sex- linkage
Colourblindness and Haemophillia
Males mostly affect because lack of second X chromosome
Epistasis
Antagonistically
Complementary
Is the interaction of non-linked gene loci
Ignores the dom and recess nature
Stats
Chi-Squared
Hardy-Weinberg
Factors affecting genetic variation
Population size
Isolation
Mutation rate
Genetic drift
Continious or discontinious variation
Three types of selection:
Stabalising
Environment remains the same, leads to reduction in genetic variety
Directional
Environment changes, leads to shift in optimum value
Used by selective breeders
Can alternate with periods of stablising
Dsiruptive
Favours both extreme and intermediate traits
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