714388
Description
Mind Map by clairegillian95, updated more than 1 year ago
|
|
Created by clairegillian95
over 10 years ago
|
|
Mutation
- A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that is heritable
- People like some of the phenotypes
produced by mutant alleles
- Recessive Mutations
- Phenotype is associated
with the homozygous
condition
- Often involve the loss of gene function
- Null / Amorphic Alleles
- A nonfunctional
protein is produced
OR no protein is
produced
- A nonfunctional
protein is produced
OR no protein is
produced
- Hypomorphic Alleles
- A poorly functioning protein is produced OR reduced
amounts of a normally functioning protein is produced
- A poorly functioning protein is produced OR reduced
amounts of a normally functioning protein is produced
- Null / Amorphic Alleles
- Phenotype is associated
with the homozygous
condition
- Dominant Mutations
- Only need one copy of allele to
see phenotype
- Often involve gain/change of gene function
- Dominant Hypermorphic Alleles
- Negative phenotypic consequences due to the
over-production of a normal protein OR negative phenotypic
consequences due to the production of a protein with
increased activity levels
- Negative phenotypic consequences due to the
over-production of a normal protein OR negative phenotypic
consequences due to the production of a protein with
increased activity levels
- Neomorphic Alleles
- Negative phenotypic consequences
due to the presence of an altered
protein that has a new function
- Negative phenotypic consequences
due to the presence of an altered
protein that has a new function
- Dominant Hypermorphic Alleles
- Only need one copy of allele to
see phenotype
- Silent Mutation:
DNA change
results in a new
mRNA codon
that specifies
the same amino
acid
- Missense Mutation:
DNA change results
in a new mRNA
codon that specifies
a different amino
acid
- Nonsense Mutation: DNA change
results in a new mRNA codon that is
a STOP codon
- Frameshift Mutation: DNA change
that results in a change in the reading
frame. Downstream from the
insertion/deletion, the reading frame is
shifted, which results in a very
different amino acid sequence for the
latter part of the protein
- Sources of Mutations
- Spontaneous: Changes in the
nucleotide sequence as a result of
errors in the DNA replication
- Induced: Changes in the
nucleotide sequence which result
from exposure to radiation and
mutagenic chemicals
- Spontaneous: Changes in the
nucleotide sequence as a result of
errors in the DNA replication
- Certain
chemicals
are
mutagenic
Want to create your own Mind Maps for free with GoConqr? Learn more.