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Virtue Ethics
- Virtuous all the time
- Even when he sleeps, because he has cultivated the habit of virtue
- Even when he sleeps, because he has cultivated the habit of virtue
- Golden Mean
- Right way to act
- The perfect balance between 2 extremes
- Discovered by the intellect
- Leads to genuine practical wisdom (Phronesis) & moral wisdom
- Vices of deficiency & vices of excess
- Between cowardice & foolhardiness = courage
- Leads to genuine practical wisdom (Phronesis) & moral wisdom
- Right way to act
- Act out of desire, not duty
- Deriving satisfaction from doing the right thing
- Identified the right thing to do
- Not because they ought/want to do so
- Not because they ought/want to do so
- Not for any external reasons/goals
- Good samaritan example
- Deriving satisfaction from doing the right thing
- Moral Virtues
- Despite man's intellectual pursuit, still has to live practically in the world
- Qualities of character attained by habit/cultivation
- Those that lead to a good life
- The person who aims to cultivate these qualities is maximising their potential for a happy life
- A quality of happiness described as..
- A quality of happiness described as..
- The person who aims to cultivate these qualities is maximising their potential for a happy life
- Those that lead to a good life
- 12
- Courage
- Temperance
- Liberty
- Magnificence
- Courage
- Despite man's intellectual pursuit, still has to live practically in the world
- Eudaimonia
- Involved in being happy & living well
- Of intrinsic value & not as a means to an end
- Should be desired for its own sake
- Not only for the individual, but also for the society for which they are a member
- Not only for the individual, but also for the society for which they are a member
- Involved in being happy & living well
- Every action is directed towards an aim
- Superior Aims
- Includes contemplating philosophy
- Includes contemplating philosophy
- Subordinate Aims
- Seeking personal preferences
- Seeking personal preferences
- Superior Aims
- Practice
- Must be a continuous attempt
- Involves an awareness of the circumstances in which he acts
- PRUDENCE
- Must not only desire to do good, must know when & how
- Must not only desire to do good, must know when & how
- PRUDENCE
- Involves an awareness of the circumstances in which he acts
- Must be a continuous attempt
- Intellectual Virtues
- The end or purpose of man is rational thought
- His highest good is found here
- Qualities of the mind
- Developed through instruction
- Developed through instruction
- The end or purpose of man is rational thought
- Role Models
- The good person should learn from these
- Train & exercise until it becomes an automatic way of living & behaving
- Part of his character
- Can exercise without conscious will/effort
- Part of his character
- The good person should learn from these
- Revival
- Elizabeth Anscombe
- Richard Taylor
- Phillipa Foot
- Alastair McIntyre
- James F. Keenan
- Elizabeth Anscombe
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