5615506
Description
Mind Map by Amelie Mataskova, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amelie Mataskova
almost 8 years ago
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Muscles and the
skeleton
- Bones
- The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones.
- Most bones are
hollow and contain
marrow.
- Marrow helps bones to be light and strong
- Marrow helps bones to be light and strong
- Bones are a mixture
of living tissue and
non-living material
- Living tissues
contain cells
and collagen
fibres which
allow bones to
be flexible
- The non-living part is
made of mineral
salts like calcium
phosphate which
hardens the bone.
- Living tissues
contain cells
and collagen
fibres which
allow bones to
be flexible
- The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones.
- Functions of the skeleton
- Support
- 1. They provide
support
allowing the
body to stand
upright
- 1. They provide
support
allowing the
body to stand
upright
- Protection
- 2. They protect
most of the
main organs
including the
brain heart and
lungs
- 2. They protect
most of the
main organs
including the
brain heart and
lungs
- Movement
- 3. They allow
movement with
the help of
muscles
- 3. They allow
movement with
the help of
muscles
- Blood production
- 4. Blood is
produced in
the marrow
of bones
- 4. Blood is
produced in
the marrow
of bones
- Support
- Joints
- A place where two bones meet is
called a joint. There are three types
of joints:
- 1. Fixed joints- where there is no movement although bones meet
- 2. Hinge joints- where bones move only in One Direction
- 3. Ball and socket joints- where bones can swivel and move in any direction
- Parts of a joint
- Cartilage: A tough smooth
substance that covers bone
surfaces at movable joints.
- Ligaments: A smooth,
flexible material that
holds bones together at
movable joints
- Tendons: Attach
muscles to bone
and transmits the
pull of muscle to
bone
- Synovial
fluid:
lubricates
the joint and
reduces
friction
- Cartilage: A tough smooth
substance that covers bone
surfaces at movable joints.
- 1. Fixed joints- where there is no movement although bones meet
- A place where two bones meet is
called a joint. There are three types
of joints:
- Muscles
- Muscles move
bones at joints
- Muscles cannot
push and so
joints need pairs
of muscles
(antagonistic
pairs) to pull in the opposite direction
- One muscle contracts (gets shorter
and fatter) to pull a bone.
- At the same time
- The other muscle in the pair
relaxes (gets longer and thinner
- The other muscle in the pair
relaxes (gets longer and thinner
- At the same time
- One muscle contracts (gets shorter
and fatter) to pull a bone.
- Exercise strengthens bones
and muscles. Too much
exercise can damage muscles
and joints.
- Muscles move
bones at joints
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