Renaissance

Annotations:

• The people during the Renaissance were fascinated by the ideas and artistic styles of Ancient Greece and Rome.

1. Florence, Italy

   Annotations:

   • The start of the Renaissance was in Florence, Italy for it's location where many people passed through and had brought ideas from Ancient Greece and Rome.
   1. Trade and Travels

      Annotations:

      • Through trading and traveling people were able to receive and exchange ideas.
      1. Change

         Annotations:

         • Change was important because as the Renaissance arrived many ideas and things have changed throughout the time.
      2. Rebirth of Classical Ideas

         Annotations:

         • People during the renaissance had learned about the ideas and ways of Ancient Greece and Rome and adopted them into their lives. They learned from the ideas and changed them to fit their current lives. Humanism at this time was also brought up once again.
         1. Humanism and Independent Thinking

            Annotations:

            • Independent thinking and Humanism told people not to believe in everything and try to think for themselves and question certain things that others may say.
            1. Politics

               Annotations:

               • The politics in Florence during the Renaissance was the start of Democracy.
               1. Power of the Church and Kings Challenged

                  Annotations:

                  • The power of the Church and Kings were challenged because of society starting to have a Democratic government, and it was also challenged because of humanism gaining popularity. Humanists taught people to question everything, however the church had taught everyone to ask no questions about their authority.
               2. Patrons

                  Annotations:

                  • Patrons during the Renaissance helped artists to continue to create great art. The Medici family were patrons of art.
               3. The Medici Family

                  Annotations:

                  • The Medici family was very rich and they had supported lots of art during the Renaissance.
               4. Machiavelli

                  Annotations:

                  • Machiavelli was a historian who is often considered the found of political sciences.
            2. Ideas
               1. Arts
                  1. Non-Religious Themes

                     Annotations:

                     • Before the Renaissance during the Medieval period all art were religious themed, but during the Renaissance more people began to create art and literature about everyday life rather than only religion.
                  2. Sculpting

                     Annotations:

                     • Most artists during the Renaissance were sculptors or painters.
                     1. Michelangelo

                        Annotations:

                        • He was a famous painter, sculptor, architect, and poet who is well known for his sculpture of David.
                     2. Donatello

                        Annotations:

                        • He was a sculptor during the early Renaissance who worked with bronze, wood, stone, and clay. He had influenced Michelangelo.
                  3. Painting

                     Annotations:

                     • During the Renaissance there were lots of paintings that were made and many of them very famous. Most artists were either Sculptors or Painters.
                     1. Perspective

                        Annotations:

                        • During the Renaissance the use of perspective was developed. The artists started painting with more perspective which made the paintings appear more life-like, nicer, and popped-out more.
                     2. Raphael

                        Annotations:

                        • He was an Italian painter whose art was admired for being peaceful, smooth, and had clarity in it.
               2. Architecture

                  Annotations:

                  • Renaissance architects used Ancient Greek and Roman ideas to model their buildings after. To this day some of the concepts are still used.
                  1. Brunelleschi

                     Annotations:

                     • Brunelleschi achieved one of the greatest achievement in the world by being the first one to build a dome without using beams or columns to support.
               3. Science

                  Annotations:

                  • Science had helped artists in figuring out perspective and other ways to make paintings more lifelike, and also helped people figure out more about astronomy and anatomy.
                  1. Galileo

                     Annotations:

                     • Galileo continued on Copernicus' theory about the earth revolving around the sun and had been called the Father of Science.
                  2. Copernicus

                     Annotations:

                     • Copernicus was a Polish scientist that believed that the earth revolved around the sun instead of the other way. The church had went against him because of this belief.
                  3. Vesalius

                     Annotations:

                     • He had made many discoveries about the human body by doing multiple experiments on cadavers. He wrote a book that is now considered the first modern medical textbook.
               4. Literature

                  Annotations:

                  • During the Renaissance people started writing about different topics such as their lives and fiction besides only writing about religious topics.
                  1. Gutenberg

                     Annotations:

                     • Gutenberg was the inventor of the printing press in Europe, without the printing press the bible and other written works would not have been able to be so popular and widespread.
                     1. The Printing Press

                        Annotations:

                        • The printing press was invented by Gutenberg. Before it was created, people had to copy books by hand, but with the printer people could create many copies of the books easily.
                        1. Famous Printed Bible

                           Annotations:

                           • The printed bible was easy to acquire and it is very neat with almost no mistakes. It was printed with Gutenberg's printing press
                  2. Shakespeare

                     Annotations:

                     • Shakespeare was an English playwright and poet who is very well known till this day.
                  3. Petrarch

                     Annotations:

                     • He was an Italian scholar and poet who was called "The Father of Humanism." He is credited for starting the renaissance after finding old documents.
               5. Leonardo da Vinci

                  Annotations:

                  • Da Vinci is one of the most well known and brilliant people during the Renaissance. He is a great artist, scientist, sculptor, inventor, and engineer.
                  1. Arts

                     Annotations:

                     • Da Vinci creted two very famous works, The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.