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IMMUNOLOGY

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norsyafiqah shukor
Mind Map by norsyafiqah shukor, updated more than 1 year ago
norsyafiqah shukor
Created by norsyafiqah shukor over 8 years ago
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IMMUNOLOGY
  1. The study of immune system
    1. Component
      1. Cardiovascular system
        1. heart
          1. blood vessel
          2. Mononuclear Phagocyte System
            1. network of reticular fiber
              1. phagotocytes (macrophages)
              2. Ly,phatic System
                  1. another network of blood vessel
                    1. dont have RBC
                      1. primary lymphoid organ
                        1. bone marrow
                          1. thymus
                          2. secondary lymphoid organ
                            1. appendix
                              1. adenoids
                                1. tonsils
                                  1. lymph nodes
                                2. CELL
                                  1. Leukocytes
                                    1. consist nuclei
                                      1. phagocytosis
                                        1. imflammation
                                          1. adaptive immune response
                                            1. natural killer cell
                                              1. control tumor and microbial infection
                                              2. mast cell
                                                1. immune defense system
                                                2. basophyll
                                                  1. imflammation
                                                  2. neutrophyll
                                                    1. bacteria/virus infection
                                                    2. eusinophyll
                                                      1. parasit infection
                                                      2. monocyte
                                                        1. arise from macrophages
                                                        2. lymphocyte
                                                          1. productive immune cell
                                                        3. Platelets
                                                          1. dont have nuclei
                                                            1. imflammation
                                                              1. blood clotting
                                                                2. 2ND LINE DEFENCE
                                                                  1. Internal physiological barriers
                                                                    1. imflammation
                                                                      1. Component
                                                                        1. fever
                                                                          1. temp above 37
                                                                            1. initiated by pyrogens
                                                                              1. change setting of hypothalamus
                                                                              2. BENEFIT
                                                                                1. reduce iron availability
                                                                                  1. inhibition of microbial multiplication
                                                                                    1. increase metabolic rate
                                                                                  2. imflammation
                                                                                    1. redness
                                                                                      1. increase red blood circulation
                                                                                      2. heat
                                                                                        1. increase blood flow
                                                                                        2. pain
                                                                                          1. stimuli of nerve ending
                                                                                          2. oedema
                                                                                            1. swelling
                                                                                            2. STAGE
                                                                                              1. tissue injury
                                                                                                1. dilation
                                                                                                  1. phagocytosis
                                                                                                  2. release cytokines
                                                                                                    1. histamine
                                                                                                    2. vasodilation
                                                                                                    3. phagocytosis
                                                                                                      1. STAGE
                                                                                                        1. attachment
                                                                                                          1. ingestion
                                                                                                            1. killing
                                                                                                              1. degradation
                                                                                                              2. macrophages
                                                                                                                1. neutrophils
                                                                                                                  1. strategies against phagocytosis
                                                                                                                    1. carotenoid pigment
                                                                                                                      1. glycolipid cell
                                                                                                                        1. produce leucocidin
                                                                                                                          1. consist capsule
                                                                                                                        2. antimicrobial proteins
                                                                                                                          1. complement system
                                                                                                                            1. cascade reaction to destroy pathogens
                                                                                                                              1. classical
                                                                                                                                1. lactin
                                                                                                                                  1. alternative
                                                                                                                                2. interferons
                                                                                                                                  1. cytokines involved in immune regulation against virus
                                                                                                                                    1. IFN- alpha
                                                                                                                                      1. IFN-beta
                                                                                                                                        1. IFN-gamma
                                                                                                                                      2. iron binding proteins
                                                                                                                                        1. limit pathogens growth
                                                                                                                                          1. example
                                                                                                                                            1. haemoglobin
                                                                                                                                              1. lactoferrin
                                                                                                                                                1. transferrin
                                                                                                                                              2. antimicrobial peptides
                                                                                                                                                1. short protein <50 peptides
                                                                                                                                                  1. kill bacteria by insert into membrane
                                                                                                                                                    1. example
                                                                                                                                                      1. bacteriocins
                                                                                                                                                        1. defensins
                                                                                                                                                          1. magainins
                                                                                                                                                            1. protegrins
                                                                                                                                                      3. 1ST LINE DEFENSE
                                                                                                                                                        1. External Physical Barriers
                                                                                                                                                          1. innate immune system
                                                                                                                                                            1. non-specific
                                                                                                                                                              1. immune component are preformed
                                                                                                                                                                1. similar respond magnitude
                                                                                                                                                                  1. no memory stored

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