Reverse Logistics

1. Economic
   1. Cheap resources
   2. Cheaper than building/buying new products/virgin materials

      Annotations:

      • Precious metal recycling
2. Marketing
   1. Green profile
   2. Service element

      Annotations:

      • Taking care of customers waste disposal needs
3. Legislative
   1. Public Policy
4. Asset protection
   1. Leaking secondary markets or competitors

1. Reused directly
2. Remanufacturing
3. Repair
4. Recycling
5. Disposal

Annotations:

• TIme period with the owner

Annotations:

• products disposed of long after completing use

1. Collection

   Annotations:

   • Activities rendering used products avaiable and physically moving them to some point.
   1. Purchasing
   2. Transportation
   3. Storage
2. Inspection/Separation

   Annotations:

   • All operations determining whether a given product is in fact reusable and in which way. Splitting the flow of used products.
   1. Disassembly
   2. shredding
   3. testing
   4. Sorting
   5. Storage steps
3. Re processing

   Annotations:

   • Transformation of a used product to a usable product again  (Recycling, repair, remanufacturing).
   1. Cleaning
   2. Replacement
   3. Re assembly
4. Disposal

   Annotations:

   • Products cannot be reused, rejected at the separation level +repair requirements -market potential
   1. Transportation
   2. Landfilling
   3. Incineration steps
5. Re distribution

   Annotations:

   • Directing reusable products to a potential market and to moving them to future users
   1. Reuse
   2. Sales
      1. Leasing
      2. Service
      3. Contracts
   3. Transportation
   4. Storage

1. Structure
   1. Centralisation

      Annotations:

      • Number of locations at which similar activities are carried out.
      1. Centralised
         1. Few locations
      2. Decentralised
         1. Several locations
   2. Number of levels

      Annotations:

      • Number of facilities a goods flow visits squentially (vertical integration of network).
   3. Links with other networks

      Annotations:

      • Degree of integration of a new network with existing.
   4. Open vs closed loop

      Annotations:

      • Incoming and outgoing flows if a netwirk
      1. Closed

         Annotations:

         • network sources and sinks coincide so that flows cycle in the network
      2. Open

         Annotations:

         • One way structure enter in one point and finishes in another.
   5. Degree of branch cooperation

      Annotations:

      • Parties responsable for setting up the network (single, joint, etc.)
2. Dimensions
   1. PRODUCT Characteristics

      Annotations:

      • The form of recovery determines the facilities required and hence the related investment costs.
      1. Physical
         1. Weight
         2. Volume
         3. Fragility
      2. Economic
         1. Value
         2. Rate of obsolescence
   2. MARKET Characteristics
      1. Actors-relationships

         Annotations:

         • Relative power and economic incentives.
         1. Suppliers
         2. OEM´s
         3. Service providers
         4. Independent recoverers
         5. Consumers
         6. Public Authorities
   3. Relevant RESOURCES
      1. Recovery facilities
      2. Human resources
      3. Transportation resources
3. Product recovery network types
   1. Bulk recycling networks
   2. Assembly product remanufacturing networks
   3. Reusable item networks

1. Lower time pressure
2. Cost-revenue tradeoffs
3. Vehicle loading