Semantics is the study of the
meaning of linguistic expressions.
The language can be a natural
language, such as English or
Navajo, or an artificial language,
like a computer programming
language.
Lexicology
Lexicology is the part of
linguistics which studies words.
This may include their nature
and function as symbols,[1] their
meaning, the relationship of their
meaning to epistemology in
general, and the rules of their
composition from smaller
elements
morphology
In linguistics, morphology
is the identification,
analysis and description
of the structure of a given
language's morphemes
and other linguistic units,
such as root words,
affixes, parts of speech,
intonations and stresses,
or implied context.
Syntax
Syntax is the study of the
principles and rules for
constructing phrases and
sentences in a language.
Syntax focuses on the
word order of a language
and the relationships
between words.
phonology
Phonology is the study of
how sounds are organized
and used in natural
languages.
Phonetics
Phonetics is a branch
of linguistics that
comprises the study
of the sounds of
human speech, or—in
the case of sign
languages—the
equivalent aspects of
sign
Functions
Representativa
Transmitir
contenidos de
forma objetiva.
Expresiva
Expresar
sentimientos,
opiniones, deseos,
es decir, la
subjetividad del
hablante.
Conativa
Influir en el
comportamiento
del receptor y
provocar en él
una reacción.
Fatica
Prolongar,
establecer o
interrumpir la
comunicación.
Poetica
Atraer la
atención
sobre la
forma de la
expresión
lingüística.
Metalinguistica
Utilizar la
lengua para
hablar de la
propia
lengua.