Mapa mental perteneciente a la actividad del curso Microeconomía “Unidad 1 - Fase 2 - Estudio de caso sobre las generalidades de la Microeconomía" el siguiente recurso contiene los mercados de competencia (perfecta e imperfecta).
Many plaintiffs (demandantes)
and many bidders (oferentes).
Companies are precio-aceptantes.
Perfect transparency and
homogeneous assets (bien
indiferenciado).
No access barriers to
enter or exit the market
generating:
Any seller or buyer can
influence the offer rate.
Periods
Short-term: The number
of companies is fixed.
Long-term: The financial loss and
profits presented to the companies
have two circumstances
New companies will be
interested if profits are high
but if the price falls it causes
the "función de oferta"to shift
to the right.
If losses occur, adjusting cost
structures or leaving the
market to cause the "supply
function" to shift to the left;
the equilibrium price will rise
and continue with new profits.
A company operating in a perfectly
competitive market complies with:
Px=I’=I*
Competencia imperfecta
(imperfect competition)
Characteristics of the Most important
non-competitive markets
Oligopolio
The supply is
served by a few
companies.
Applies "Teoría de juegos" with items such as
strategic positions, payoffs, and equilibrium,
measuring the degree of concentration .
Companies can compete with each other
either on price or operation.
Monopolio
Single market that is
precio-oferente.
A monopolist must reduce its price
and its marginal revenue (ingresos
marginales) is declining.
There is no "función de oferta"
and a higher price is fixed.
Competencia monopolística
The offer/supply is composed by many
individuals, managing a small market fee.
It has freedom of entry and exit in the market,
allowing the company to exit in fact of loss.
Monopsonio
Both sides of the market have power,
if you need to buy more units, you
must accept a higher price.
Oligopsonio
Few demanders and a lot of suppliers
can influence the price by their
commercial situation.
Duopolio
Two companies handle the
supply of the entire market.