9564302
Description
Flashcards by Kate Parvey, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kate Parvey
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
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RANITIDINE (ZANTAC)
Treatment & MOA
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Zantac (binary/octet-stream)
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HISTAMINE 2 - RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST Promotes gastric and duodenal ulcer healing by suppressing secretion of gastric acid by selectively blocking H2 receptors on parietal cells in stomach *prophylaxis & short-term treatment |
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RANITIDINE (ZANTAC)
Adverse Effects & Contraindications
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Zantac (binary/octet-stream)
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HISTAMINE 2- RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST AE: multiple drug interactions with Cimetidine (CYP450 Inhibitor) Avoid: theophylline, warfarin, phenytoin, lidocaine etc ContraIndications: Adjust dose in renal insufficiency Caution in pregnancy |
| NAME 4 HISTAMINE 2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS | Cimetidine (Tagamet) Famotidine (Pepsid) Nizatidine (Axid) Ranitidine (Zantac) |
| LIST 5 PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS | Lansoprazole (Prevacid) Rabeprozole (Aciphex) Pantoprazole (Protonix) Omeprazole (Prilosec) MOA: Irreversibly inhibits H+, K+, ATPase (Proton Pump) which blocks gastric secretion |
| OMEPRAZOLE (Prilosec) | PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR short term treatment of GERD, erosive esophagitis, & duodenal ulcers MOA: pro-drug activated w/n parietal cells irreversibley inhibits H+,K+, ATPase (Proton Pump) which blocks acid secretion. |
| OMEPRAZOLE (Prilosec) Adverse Effects & Drug Interactions | PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR AE: Increased risk of pneumonia & c.diff. long- term use= increased risk of osteoporosis & fractures Drug Interactions: inhibition of CYP2C19 Clopidogrel (plavix)- prevents conversion of Clopidogrel to active form. |
| LIST 5 CATEGORIES OF DRUGS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE | 5- Aminosalicylates Glucocorticoids Immunosuppressants Immunomodulators Antibiotics |
| SULFASALAZINE (Azulfidine) Therapeutic Action & MOA | 5-AMINOSALICYLATE- Anti Ulcer Drug treats mild to moderate UC, Chrons & doudenal ulcers MOA: decreases inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Promotes ulcer healing by creating a protective barrier against acid and pepsin. - NO acid neutralizing - NO decrease in acid secretion |
| SULFASALAZINE (Azulfidine) Adverse Effects & drug interactions | 5- AMINOSALICYLATE: Anti-Ulcer AE: blood disorders, anemia contains SULFA (?) No significant drug interactions |
| LIST 6 ANTIEMETIC DRUGS | Serotonin Antagonist Glucocorticoids Benzodiazapines Dopamine Antagonist Cannabinoids Anticholinergics |
| SEROTONIN ANTAGONIST Name 3 meds & MOA | Dolasetron (Anzemet) Ondansetron (Zofran) Granisetron (Kytril) *Most effective in prevention / treatment of chemo or surgery induced n/v MOA: Blocks 5HT3 (Serotonin) receptros in CTZ and afferent vagal neurons in upper GI tract. |
| ONDANSETRON ( Zofran) | ANTIEMETIC Treats: Treats and prevents Nausea and Vomiting Great for chemo and surgery MOA: Blocks 5HT3 (Serotonin) receptors in CTZ and afferent vagal neurons inn upper GI tract. |
| ONDANSETRON (Zofran) Adverse Effects & ContraIndications | ANTIEMETIC AE: QTc prolongation (dysrhythmia) - use with caution in electrolyte abnormalities, heart failure, or bradydysrhythmia. |
| LIST 2 PHENOTHIAZINES & MOA | DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST -Antiemetic- Promethazine (Phenergan) Procholerperazine (Compazine) MOA: blocks dopamine receptors in CTZ |
| PROMETHAZINE (Phenergan) Adverse Effects | PHENOTHIAZINE- AntiEmetic AE: Respiratory Depression * monitor LOC & RR Sedation Local tissue injury with extravagation * Administer slowly and dilute it down EPS- Parkinson like reaction |
| NAME A PROKINETIC/DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST & it's MOA | Metoclopramide (Raglan) MOA: controls N/V by blocking dopamine and serotonin receptors in CTZ - Augments action of Acetylcholine , which causes an increase in GI motility - Good for Gastroparesis ( DM patients) |
| METOCLOPRAMIDE (Reglan) MOA & AE | PROKINETIC/ DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST MOA: controls N/V by blocking dopamine and serotonin receptors in CTZ - Augments action of Acetylcholine , which causes an increase in GI motility - good for gastroparesis ( diabetic patients) AE: pt with GI perforation, bleeding or obstruction. Can cause diarrhea and Tardive Dyskinesia (Parkinison like effects) |
| CORTICOSTEROIDS Glucocorticoids TI & MOA | Dexamethesone (Decadron) Methyprednsisolone (Solu-medrol) TI: Suppress chemo induced N/V MOA: unknown |
| CANNABINOIDS | Medical Marijuana Dronabinol (Marinol) TI: Suppress chemo induced N/V MOA unknown |
| BENZODIAZAPINES | Lorazepam (Ativan) Alprazolam (Xanax) |
| LIST BULK FORMING LAXATIVES Why would you use them? | Methylcellulose Psyllium (Metamucil) |
| PSYLLIUM Therapeutic Action & MOA | BULK FORMING LAXATIVE Soft stool in 1-3 days Treats: constipation, diverticulitis* and IBS* *preferred treatment MOA: functions similarly to dietary fiber Swells with water to form gel to soften and enlarge fecal mass; mass stimulates peristalsis |
| NAME THE 5 TYPES OF LAXATIVES | Bulk- Forming Surfactant Stimulant Osmotic Lubricant |
| NAME A SURFACTANT LAXATIVE and its general MOA | DOCUSATE SODIUM (Colace) Surfactant action softens stool by facilitating penetration of water. Stimulates bowel motility; increases quantity of water and electrolytes in intestinal lumen. |
| DOCUSATE SODIUM (Colace) MOA | Surfactant action softens stool by facilitating penetration of water. stimulates bowel motility; increases quantity of water and electrolytes in intestinal lumen. |
| NAME 3 STIMULANT LAXATIVES | Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Senna (Senokot) Castrol Oil - pregnancy category X |
| BISACODYL (Dulcolax) Therapeutic Action MOA | MOA: Stimulate peristalsis and soften feces by increasing secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestine and decreasing water and electrolyte absorption. selective action on nerve plexus of intestinal smooth muscle --> enhanced motility. |
| BISACODYL (Ducolax) Admin Considerations | Enteric coated: avoid taking within 1-2 hours of antacids, H2RA, PPIs, and milk |
| LIST 2 TYPES OF OSMOTIC LAXATIVE | Laculose Polyethlene Glycol (PEG) - Miralax - Glycolax - Peglax * For constipation ; PEG + electrolytes for bowel preps |
| NAME 3 PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENTS FOR H.PLYORI | *** Antibiotics*** Amoxicillin Bismuth Claithromycin Metronidazole Tetracycline Tinidazole |
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