9098719
Description
Flashcards by Izzy Noone, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Izzy Noone
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Rudolph Otto (1869-1937) | A philosopher who described religious experience |
| The idea of the Holy (1917) | Otto's book |
| Numinous | Otto's word for the sacred or holy in a religious experience |
| Jonathon Webber | A contemporary philosopher who divides religious experiences into 3 groups |
| William James (1842-1910) | A philosopher and psychologist who examined and described religious experience |
| Ineffable | Overwhelmingly powerful and impossible to put fully into words |
| Noetic | Provides knowledge/contains insights, but through intuition or inner illumination |
| A priori | Independent of sense experience |
| A posteriori | Dependent on sense experience |
| William Alston | A contemporary philosopher who examined and described religious experience |
| Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) | Once wrote when a man tells me that God spoke to him in a dream, this "is no more to say he dreamed that God spokes to him |
| Richard Swinburne | A contemporary philosopher who examined and described religious experience |
| The Existence of God (Oxford 1979) | Swinburne's book. Contains the Principles of Testimony and Credulity |
| The Principle of Credulity | States how things seem is usually how they are |
| The Principle of Testimony | States that in the absence of reasons to think the contrary, we usually accept the testimony of others |
| Peter Vardy | A contemporary critic of Swinburne |
| The Puzzle of God (Fount 1995) | Vardy's book |
| William of Ockham (1285- 1347) | Invented Ockham's razor |
| Ockham's razor | A method of choosing between arguments or positions. States that "entities should not be multiplied needlessly" |
| Transiency | Mystical states cannot be sustained for long. |
| Passivity | The mystic feels as if his own will were in abeyance, and indeed sometimes as if he were grasped and held by a superior power. |
| The first argument is from my personal experience to a God. | 1. I have had a profound and unique religious experience; 2. The experience was so profound and unique that it could only have had God as its source; 3. Therefore God exists. OR 1. I have had an experience of God; 2. Therefore God exists. |
| The second argument is from the experience of the human race to a God. | 1. Religious experiences have characterised religions across the globe throughout history; 2. There is a high degree of agreement about the content of these experiences, in terms of what is at their core. 3. What is at their core is an ineffable experience of an ultimate reality beyond the senses; 4. Since the religions and historical eras have been, to a large degree, independent of one another, this is strong evidence to suggest there is an ineffable ultimate reality beyond the senses. 5. The best alternative description of an ineffable ultimate reality beyond the senses is God. 6. Therefore, there is strong evidence for the existence of God; |
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