90502
| Question | Answer |
| what happens when an ionic substance is melted or dissolved in water? | The ions are free to move about within the liquid or solution. |
| In electrolysis, what is the name of the substance that is broken down? | electrolyte |
| Where to the positive ions go? What happens? | They are attracted to the negative 'cathode' where they gain an electron (reduction) |
| How is aluminium gained from bauxite? | the electrolysis of chryolite and aluminium oxide |
| what forms where in the electrolysis of bauxite? | aluminium forms at the negative electrode oxygen forms at the positive electrode |
| what is chryolite and why is chryolite used? | it is a less common ore of aluminium - it brings the melting point down to around 900 degrees.. making it cheaper to melt the ore for electrolysis |
| what is electroplating? give 2 examples | coating objects in different metals -silver plating -copper plating |
| what happens to the negative ions in electrolysis | they are attracted to the positive 'anode' where they lose an electron (oxidation) |
| 2Cl- -> Cl2 + __ | 2e- |
| If no halide ions are present, what gas will be formed? | O2 |
| what does the electrolysis of sodium chloride produce? | -sodium hydroxide solution -hydrogen -chlorine |
| Why is the postitve electrode made from carbon in the electrolysis of bauxite? | - good conductor of electricity - it is worn away as it reacts with oxygen to for carbon dioxide |
| what is chlorine used for? | bleaches and plastics |
| what is sodium hydroxide used for? | making soap |
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