Biology GCSE

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For GCSE and second year Biology.
elinor.smith
Flashcards by elinor.smith, updated more than 1 year ago
elinor.smith
Created by elinor.smith over 10 years ago
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Question Answer
Definition of Osmosis the movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
Definition of Diffusion the movement of particles in a gas or liquid which move from where they are in a high concentration to a low concentration down a concentration gradient.
Respiratory system equation glucose+oxygen -> carbon dioxide+ water+energy
movement through the respiratory system mouth/nose trachea Bronchus bronchioles alveoli where the oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide.
what are chemical reactions of photosynthesis within the cells controlled by? Enzymes
equation for photosynthesis water+carbon dioxide-> Glucose+oxygen
specialised cells. plants and cells=? allows them to do what? adapts to its function by..? plants and cells = multicellular become specialised e.g red blood cells. by having a large surface area for efficient absorption of oxygen.
function of the nucleus stored DNA and controls the cell.
Function of the cell membrane it controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Function of cytoplasm where chemical reactions take place
Function of chloroplast where photosynthesis takes place
Function of the cell wall helps plants keep their shape
Function of the vacuole contains cell sap and helps cells keep their shape
What does the Nucleus contain? Genes
what is the cell wall only found in? plants
what two structures are not seen in an animal cell? vacuole and chloroplast
what are types of hormones? testosterone, oestrogen, insulin and thyroxin
what is muscle tissue made of? actin + myosin
what types of enzymes are there? lipase, protease, amylase, urease and catalase
why does food need to be digested? molecules like starch, fat and protein are insoluable and to be absorbed they need to be small and soluable
why do smokers cough? they take in things like tar,dust, bacteria and other particles that clogs up.
what does the cilia do? it beats the mucus up in waves up the trachea, which the smokers then cough up.
what is a boiled enzyme? denatured
what do enzymes work best at? a particular PH
what is the lock and key theory? its when a substrate molecules joins with a enzyme. a reaction happens and the substrate molecules breaks off into two substrate molecules called proteins.
Antibodies =? a specialised protein involved in defending the body from foreign invaders.
what are contractile proteins responsible for? movement (muscle contraction)
what are enzymes referred to? a catalyst (speed up a chemical reaction and can be used over and over)
what are hormonal proteins? they are messenger proteins that help to coordinate certain bodily activities.
what happens when you test a leaf in starch? the leaf gets soaked in water to soften it. then its soaked in alcohol. the alcohol removes the chlorophyll from the leaf which is then soaked in Iodine. the leaf turns black where photosynthesis has happened
what is a transect used for? to measure the change in species distribution.
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