63691
| Question | Answer |
| Recognition | Need to see wide range of foreign organisms/objects; Variety far exceeds capacity; Process required which can detect everything and then focus after initial recognition |
| Specificity | Must be able to differentiate self from non-self; Must respond to non-self but not self; Low specificity at outset aids recognition of a wide range of antigens; Increasing specificity as response progresses concentrates effort where needed and avoids unnecessary damage; Specific responses can be ‘remembered’ in case of future infection |
| Response | Rapid response ensures that attack is countered as soon as possible and before infection can spread; Different assaults require different response; Much more difficult to avoid a range of responses than a single one; Response must be strong enough to eliminate threat but with minimal co-lateral damage; Response needs to be co-ordinated; Communication is important; Duplication is a waste of effort, therefore aspects of the innate response are recruited to the adaptive response |
| Primary lymphoid organs | Bone marrow and thymus Sites of immune cell development and maturation |
| Secondary lymphoid organs | Lymph nodes, spleen and mucosal lymphoid tissue Sites of antigen presentation that initiate the acquired immune response Act as filters to capture antigen and present it to T cells and B cells Lymph nodes in the lymphatic circulation Spleen in the cardiovascular circulation Mucosal immune system for antigen crossing mucosal surfaces. |
| All blood cells and platelets develop in the | bone marrow from pleuripotent stem cells |
| Lymphocyte development is sometimes referred to as | lymphopoiesis |
| B cell development is completed within | the bone marrow |
| T cells migrate to the thymus to complete their development, thus they are | thymic dependent |
| B cell development is marked by | different stages of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and expression |
| T cell development is marked by | different stages of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and expression in the thymus |
| Thymic activity is greatest in | early life |
| B cells are generated | continually throughout life |
| Lymph nodes – respond to | antigens in the lymph |
| Spleen – respond to | antigens in the blood |
| Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue – respond to | antigens crossing mucosal surfaces |
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