Strategy - Vietnam Part 1

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Military Strategy (Vietnam) Flashcards on Strategy - Vietnam Part 1, created by SteveT on 29/04/2013.
SteveT
Flashcards by SteveT, updated more than 1 year ago
SteveT
Created by SteveT over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
What did Busch say JFK's Vietnam approach was? Middle of road approach
What did Bell say about US numbers in Vietnam? Too many...but too few
What does Emile Simpson critique on the Strategic Hamlet program? It annoyed the population - showed disconnect between operational idea and political context
When did escalation begin in Vietnam and which NSAM was it? NSAM 273 - 26/11/63
What was the incident which sparked escalation in US involvement? When was it? Gulf of Tonkin, August 1964
How many US troops were in Vietnam by 1965? 184K
How many US troops were in Vietnam by 1966? 385K
How many US troops were in Vietnam by 1967? 485K
Why was the Tet offensive significant? Military win for US but strategic failure. Showed that they weren't winning
When was the Tet Offensive? January 1968
How did the US measure success in Vietnam? Enemy bodycounts
What was the disparity in US and NV approaches? US fighting a limited war vs the NV fighting total war
What two things did North Vietnam have more of than US? Greater resolve, ability to absorb casualties
What was Morganthau's critique of US approach? US didn't understand political context. War was a civil war, not NV aggresion
What did Morganthau say all EF were characterised as? What was the effect of this? US characterised all EFs as communists. This forced them into Chinese hands and alienated Soviets
How does Morganthau characterise the US approach? Was is a technical enterprise to be won quickly. Foreign policy then follows.
How does Simpson characterise the NV? Nationalist movement which used communism as a vehicle
What does Simpson say was US's mistake in how they views NV? Only used binary view - Communist or Not
What is Robert Osgood's definition of limited war? Resources and goals are constrained by policy, not capabilities
What was JFKs updated deterrence strategy? Flexible Response
What was JFK's EWMs? E: Containment. W: Support for SV, COIN, Limited War. M: Limited BoG/Advisors
What did John Collins say about the US approach in Vietnam? Technocentric and conventionally focussed
What were Johnson's EWMs? E: Containment. W: COIN, Limited War, Support at all Levels in SV. M: Gradual increase in BoG + Rolling Thunder
What is coercion? Efforts to change the behaviour of a state by manipulating costs and benefits
Where is coercion have effect? Aimed at behind battlefield, but intended to change behaviour on battlefield
What % of drug users were there in US mil by 1971? 50% using weed, 38% on heroin
What did Search and Destroy morph into as morale plummeted? Search and evade
How many incidents of fragging were there? At least 1000
What are the 4 Us? Unwilling, unqualified, unnecessary, ungrateful
When did Rolling Thunder begin? March 1965
What was the intent of Rolling Thunder? Coerce North into stopping support for NLF, and show increase morale in south
What did Freedman say was the effect of Rolling Thunder? Increase North's determination to win quickly
What were the two last air campaigns? Linebacker 1 and 2
How effective was Linebacker 1 and 2? More so, as campaign had become conventional
When was Operation Linebacker? 1972
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