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| Question | Answer |
| What is digestion? | The process of breaking down food into a useable form and making the nutrients available. |
| Why does our body need the chemicals in food? | For growing, repair and energy purposes. |
| What does chemicals in foods called? | Nutrients |
| What does digestive system consists of? | 1. Digestive tract (pathways which food takes through a series of organs) 2. Organs off to the side of the digestive tract that produce chemicals that assist with digestion. |
| Types of digestion? | 1. Mechanical digestion. 2. Chemical digestion. |
| Mechanical digestion? | When the food is broken down to smaller pieces. It's a physical change because no new substances are made. |
| Examples of mechanical digestion | 1. Biting 2. Chewing |
| Chemical digestion? | Large, complex substances in the food are broken down into simpler chemicals which body can absorb. New substances are produces |
| Examples of chemical digestion. | Saliva contains a chemical that start to change any starch in the food into glucose. It also moisten the food to be slippery and slimy and easy to swallow. |
| Four types of teeth | 1. Incisors 2. Canines 3. Premolars 4. Molars |
| Incisors? | Bite off food into small pieces that is enough to chew. Four pair of teeth located at the front. |
| Canines? | In animal, canines are used to hold food as it is torn apart. However, canines do not have much function on humans. |
| Premolars and molars? | Grind the food into smaller and smaller pieces as you chew before swallowing. |
| What is an oesophagus? | It's a long muscular tube that has the mouth at the end and stomach at the other end. |
| What is the process of peristalsis? | The muscles of the of the oesophagus push the bolus (the ball of food) down to the tube by contracting behind the ball. The muscles then relax. |
| What is an epiglottis? | A flap of skin that closes the end of the windpipe as you swallow. |
| What is the purpose of epiglottis? | To make sure that the food goes into your stomach and not in your lung via the windpipe. |
| What is a sphincter? | A circle of muscle that separates the oesophagus from the stomach. |
| How does a sphincter works? | It opens and the food passes into the stomach. It then closes to stop food or stomach juices from flowing back up. |
| What is a bolus? | The tongue rolls the food into a ball which is called as a bolus. |
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