4203533
Description
Flashcards by Sophie Burk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sophie Burk
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Describe and name the scalar quantities | having only magnitude, not direction |
| Describe and name vector quantities | have magnitude and direction, |
| Define force | a push or pull on an object scalar |
| Define speed | maximum rate at which a person is able to move their body scalar |
| Define velocity | rate at which an object changes position vector |
| Define displacement | distance measured in a stated direction vector |
| Define acceleration | rate of change of velocity (speed/direction) per second vector |
| Define momentum | the amount of motion possessed by a moving object vector |
| Define impulse | force x time. The motion (momentum) of a body depends not only on the force, but also the duration (time) the force is applied vector |
| (velocity-time graph) | |
| (distance-time graph) | |
| (force-time graph) | |
| Define centre of mass | the point at which the body is balanced in all directions |
| How can a change in sporting position change the position of centre of mass | The center of mass can change when the body is moving dynamically. The center of mass is not always inside the body, it can be outside of the body depending on position. |
| Describe the location of an activity where the COM is external | Fosbury Flop |
| Describe the location of an activity where the COM is internal | Fold-over |
| Differentiate between first, second and third class levers | |
| Define Newton's first law of motion | Law of Inertia An object will remain at rest or constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force. Example: An athlete at a starting block will not move unless a force acts upon them. The external force comes from the block and this propels the sprinter out of the blocks when they exert a downward and backward force against the blocks. |
| Define Newton's second law of motion | Law of Acceleration The rate of change of acceleration of an object is proportional to the force applied and acts in the direction of the force. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force causing it and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object. Example: Two athletes at a starting block both push off, one is lighter (and has a lesser mass) and therefore accelerates quicker. Two athletes at a starting block of the same mass both push off, the one who applied greater force accelerates faster. |
| Define Newton's third law of motion | Law of Reaction For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Example: The sprinter applied downward and backward force on the immovable starting blocks, they exert back with a forwards and upward reaction force on the sprinter, pushing the sprinter forwards. The harder the sprinter pushes, the greater the reaction force will be. |
| Define angular momentum | the product of the body's moment of inertia, and its angular velocity. M=I*V |
| Define moment of inertia | It determines the torque (force that causes rotation) needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis. It depends on the mass of the object, its shape and its relative point of rotation. |
| Define angular velocity | is a ratio of the change of angular displacement and the time during which the change occurred. The rate of which a body spins/rotates/turns through an angle. |
| State the relationship between angular momentum, moment of inertia and angular velocity. | Angular velocity = angular displacement ÷ time |
| Apply this relationship to sporting activities | |
| Explain the factors that affect projectile motion at take-off or release (speed/height/angle) | speed of release: speed is directly related to the distance, greater the speed = greater the distance, initial vertical velocity increases the height of the trajectory, creating a longer flight path height of release: the higher the release = the greater distance covered, the longer the horizontal component will be acting angle of release: ideal angle of release is 45 degrees, angle changes the relationship between the horizontal and vertical components of projectile |
| Outline the Bernoulli principle | relationship between air flow + velocity is an inverse one. pressure difference causes spinning |
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