35731151
Description
Flashcards by Kristen Wislowski, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kristen Wislowski
over 2 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Colligative properties | Properties that depend only on the amount of solute present, not on the identity of the solute particles in a solution |
| Vapor pressure lowering | due to solute-solvent intermolecular attractions, higher concentrations of nonvolatile solutes make it harder for solvents to escape to the vapor phase |
| Raoult's Law | Shows that the addition of a nonvolatile solute simply dilutes the solvent |
| Boiling point elevation | Occurs at a temperature where the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure |
| Freezing point depression | When a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a pure solvent (i.e. water), the freezing point of the resulting solution is lowered |
| Osmotic pressure (π) | The pressure that must be applied to a solution to stop osmosis |
| Osmosis | The flow of solvent into a solution through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration |
| Semipermeable membrane | A semi-porous membrane that selectively allows solvent but not solute molecules to pass through |
| Hypertonic | If the solute concentration outside the cell is greater than that inside the cell |
| Crenation | The shrinkage of cells that occurs when the surrounding solution is hypertonic |
| Hypotonic | If the solute concentration outside the cell is less than that inside the cell |
| Hemolysis | The rupture or destruction of a cell when the solution is hypotonic |
| Reverse osmosis | The process in which a solvent is forced through a semipermeable membrane, leaving a more concentrated solution behind |
| Tyndall effect | The phenomenon of scattering of light particles |
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