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Description
Flashcards by Rae Leigh Cawley, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Rae Leigh Cawley
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Who is a carer? | The Department for Health, 2000, says: They spend significant proportion of their life providing support to a family member or friend who is ill, frail, disabled or has mental health or substance misuse problems |
| What affects care relationships? | Forbat, 2005, says: Care is influenced by the state of a relationship before care began as well as the nature, choice, and extent of external support provided |
| What is care? | Tronto, 1993, says: It repairs, supports, and/or maintains a person's physical, mental or emotional health and wellbeing including their dignity, spiritual health and social needs. |
| What are the features of the sick role? | Shillings, 2002, says: -Being ill is not the sick person's fault -They are obliged to be excused from normal daily living -They should seek and comply with professional advice |
| What is personalisation? | The Community Care Act 1996: Where service users direct their care and have choice, flexibility and control over their care funds |
| What are the 7 stages of transition? | Hopson, 1992, says - Numbness - Denial - Depression - Acceptance - Testing - Searching for meaning - Internalisation |
| What is assisted technology? | World Health Organisation, 2014, says: Devices and systems that allow people to perform, or increase the ease or safety of, tasks they could not previously do |
| What are direct payments? | Means-tested payments for service users to spend on services suitable to their needs |
| What are the 4 Health and Social Care inspectorates ? | England= Care Quality Commission Scotland= Care Inspectorate Wales= Care and Social Services Inspectorate Northern Ireland= The Regulation and Quality Improvement Inspectorate |
| What is a total institution? | Goffman, 1968, says: A place where people live and work separate from society following strict procedures that determine all aspects of their lives |
| What are the 5 principles of care? | -Supporting to maximise potential -Having a voice and being heard -Right to appropriate services -Respect beliefs and preferences -Respect privacy and confidentiality |
| What is knowledge-based care? | Lewis, 2001, says: Evidence + practice wisdom + service user and carer experiences and wishes = knowledge |
| What are the 5 rules for handling personal information? | The Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIE), 2013, says: 1) Confidential information should be treated respectfully 2) Information should only be shared if needed for safe/effective care 3) Information shared with a community should be anonymised 4) People's objections should be respected 5) Confidentially policies and procedures should be followed |
| What are the benefits of enabling environments? | They facilitate key aspects of everyday living and allow people with disabilities to make choices and have control |
| How do institutions effect people? | Barton , 1959, says they have: -Apathy -Lack of initiative -Lack of interest in the outside world -Submissiveness -Resignation |
| What are the 3 types of accommodation for people who cannot stay in their own homes? | -Residential care homes -Nursing homes -Long-stay hospitals |
| What causes institutionalisation? | Barton, 1959, says: -Loss of contact with friends and family -Loss of possessions and personal effects -Having nothing to do -Poor environment and furniture -Staff bossiness -Lack of prospects -Sedation drugs |
| What are the characteristics of total institutional? | Goffman, 1968, says: -Inmate role -Batch living -Binary management -Institutional perspective |
| What is the inmate role? | Where people are stripped of their previous identities and lives and new ones imposed on them by the institution |
| What is person-centred care? | An approach that considers a person's needs as a whole- including their physical, social and psychological need |
| What are the 9 types of abuse? | Physical Financial Sexual Emotional Discriminatory Neglect Acts of Omission Psychological Material |
| What are the 4 types of accountability? | Professional Personal Employee Real |
| What are the 4 eligibility levels for social care funding? | Fair Access to Care Assessment: - Critical risk- immediate risk to independence and safety - Substantial risk- significant risk to independence and safety -Moderate risk- some risk to independence -Low risk- no risk to independence |
| How do people being cared for by their family feel? | They are a burden They are afraid of the future/ being put into a care home They feel isolated They have fewer choices |
| What are attitudinal barriers? | The views that people without disabilities have about what people with disabilities can and cannot do, which may be internalised by them creating further barriers |
| What is batch living? | Where people are all treated equally not as individuals and have little freedom to be otherwise |
| What is the sick role? | Talcott Parsons, says: when people accept you are ill, they make allowances for you but you must behave in a certain way in order to recover |
| For what reasons do local authorities provide people with social care? | -Mental, emotional and physical wellbeing -Exercising their right to choice and control -Personal dignity and respect -Quality of life -Making a positive contribution -Economic wellbeing |
| What are environmental barriers? | The design and layout of buildings and communities that constrain people |
| What is abuse and how does it happen? | Gaylard, 2011, says: -Negligent, ignorant or deliberate acts -Single or repeated acts -Significant harm or exploitation -Human/ civil rights violations |
| What are the psychological characteristics of care environments? | What places mean to people and how they make them feel including feeling comfortable and cared for |
| What are the negatives about protocols and guidelines? | -Deskills workforce -Developed to prevent litigation -Restricts professional judgements and flexibility -Makes care less individualised |
| What are structural barriers? | Society's cultures and ideologies as well as legal and moral frameworks that shape people with disabilities' experiences |
| How can organisations make care safer? | By ensuring staff are: -Properly training and made accountable -Have the right information -Offer care that works, not harms -Understand policies and procedures -Understand confidentiality and information sharing -Are supported and monitored |
| What are the drawbacks of paperwork? | Warmington et al, 2014, says: -It's designed to prevent litigation -It takes too much time so carers are torn between it and caring for people -It prevents carers developing real relationships with people |
| What are the advantages of electronic record keeping? | -Improved patient access to records and the relationship with care provider -Being on the internet minimises opportunities for records being lost -Patients have more choice and control on their treatment -Patients can get same treatment away from home -Easier to make practitioners accountable through equal access |
| What are the limitations of evidence-based care? | -What is best may not be best for everyone -What is best may not be acceptable to everyone -Missing evidence -EBC rarely empowers service users -EBC devalues practitioners skills and experiences -EBC changes often so is hard to stay up to date with |
| What are the physical characteristics of care environments? | The design and structural features including what they look like, whether they are open-plan and have private spaces |
| What is explicit consent? | When a person knows what they are agreeing to and have given their consent to it |
| How do people depersonalise others? | Lee Trewick, 1994 says -Not acknowledging them when entering/leaving their premises -Talking about them as if they're not there -Restraining them, telling them off, punishing them and making fun of them -Ignoring their spatial rights and handling them without permission |
| What is implied consent? | When a person has not actually agreed to information being shared but their behaviour says they know it will be and agree to it |
| What are the benefits of evidence-based care? | -Practices are based on what is likely to work not outdated methods -Carers can stay current and not have to rely on previous training -Expert summaries help carers with time constraints -Gives explanations for service users if they're unwilling to trust practitioner knowledge |
| What are the benefits of good record keeping? | -Helps carers remember past actions or future plans -Prevents service users histories being forgotten -Informs service users what service they are receiving and what has happened to them |
| What are the social characteristics of care environments? | How places are used, organised by and for people including the roles of different people i.e. staff and visitors and how well they can interact |
| What are the health and safety risks for care practitioners? | Health & Safety Executive, 2014, says: -slips, trips, and falls from uneven surfaces and poorly lit areas and trailing cables -musculoskeletal disorders i.e. sprains and strains from lifting and carrying or repetitive movements -stress from too much work, conflicting demands, work pressure |
| What are the disadvantages of electronic records? | -Securing breaches from hackers -System breakdown can loose data or make it unavailable when needed -expensive to set up and train staff -takes time to convert paper records -easier access can make people more anxious about their condition |
| How can transitions be made more positive? | Petch, 2009, says: -Being involved in decision making process -Visiting place -Giving information incl. photographs to review options -Taking personal effects and recreating their lives in new setting -Discuss financial control -Being supported during transition -Considering cultural needs |
| What is the biopsychosocial model of illness? | When care is provided that considers the physical, social and psychological aspects of the illness |
| What is the institutional perspective? | How staff and inmates experience and understand their lives through activities and experiences that have created their sense of community |
| How do people adjust to institutional life? | -By fighting back/ becoming rebellious -By isolating themselves or becoming socially withdrawn -By pretending to follow the rules -By accepting people's views of them |
| What is binary management? | Where staff and inmates are controlled and separated by different rules so are suspicious of each other, with staff feeling superior and inmates inferior |
| What are barriers to communication? | -Attitudes towards people i.e. stereotypes -Physical barriers i.e. counters -Emotional barriers i.e. stress -Cultural & language barriers |
| What are the criteria for claiming Carer's Allowance? | Care must be 35+ hrs per week Person being cared for must be a UK resident, and, be 65+ with attendance allowance or have substantial needs Person doing the caring must be 16+ and not a student |
| Why is it difficult to identify carers? | -Caring 'creeps up' on people -It is often hidden from other people -People resist the label of being 'a carer' or 'a person being cared for' -Measuring the amount of care given is hard if needs fluctuate or more than one person provides care |
| What is the biomedical model of illness? | When people compare the body to a machine to be fixed when something has gone wrong |
| How has care changed? | Biomedical to Biopsychosocial Medical - Social Model Poverty to Plenty (diseases) Physical to Psychological (illnesses) Technology gives equal access |
| What are the benefits of direct payments? | -Person being cared for has choice and control on who cares for them -Instructions do not need to be repeated each visit -Carers have move empathy and understanding of needs -Visit times can be easily changed to suit both parties |
| How do people move into health & social care settings? | -Daily i.e. Day centres -Occasionally i.e. Respite care -Short-term i.e. Foster care (time-limited) -Long-term i.e. Care home |
| What is confidentiality and when can it be breached? | Sensitive information that has not been made public and the person gave the information in a setting where they did not expect it to be passed on Breach = if to prevent harm or if the information is demanded by a court of law |
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