2396151
Description
Flashcards by irenepapers, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by irenepapers
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Immune System | are organs, tissues, and cells that work together to prevent illnesses |
| What does the Immune System include? | • White blood cells • Lymph nodes • Tonsils • Thymus gland • Bone marrow • Spleen |
| Thymus Gland | makes T-cells (lymphocytes) |
| Bone Marrow | makes B-cells |
| Spleen | filters blood, and destroys bacteria |
| Disease | is any change that disrupts the normal functioning of the body |
| What are some examples of Pathogens? | • Virus (EX: varicella, herpes) • Bacteria (EX: E. coli, tetanus) • Fungi (EX: athlete’s foot) • Parasites (EX: worms, lice) |
| How does the Immune System work? | • Human bodies have 3 lines of defenses • 1st line is the barrier • 2nd line is the inflammatory response • 3rd line is the immune response |
| 1st Line of Defense | • Is the barriers • Skin keeps things out • Chemicals like sweat and tears are neutralized pathogens • Mucus & cilia – traps pathogens |
| 2nd Line of Defense | • Is a Inflammatory Response • Macro phage devours germ • Inflammation • Fever |
| 3rd Line of Defense | • Is a Immune Response • Has a specific immune response (which means that the body responds to a specific pathogen or antigen) • Has antigens |
| Macrophage | devours invaders, and launches the immune system attack |
| Helper T Cells | coordinate immune system attacks by activating other immune system cells |
| Antibodies | attach themselves to the foreign substance |
| B Cells | tag invaders with antibodies, so that other immune system cells will know that they have to destroy them |
| Antigens | are a substance made by pathogens that cause harm, and are exposed to identify the invader |
| Killer T Cells | devoursinvaders, or release toxic chemicals that kill the invaders |
| Memory T Cells | makes immune responses faster the next time an invader comes around |
| What are the types of Immunity? | • Passive immunity – immunity that is temporary; it is when the immunity is transferred from another person (EX: Mother to newborn) • Active immunity – immunity resulting from exposure to a pathogen (EX: vaccinations) |
| HIV | is a human immunodeficiency virus |
| How does the Immune System respond to HIV? | • Attacks helper T cells • Which results in the B and Killer T cells not coming, which also results to the virus unchecked |
| AIDS | are a acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| How do you know a person has AIDS? | • He/she has HIV • Has a CD4 cell count • Has any opportunistic illnesses |
| Opportunistic Illness | is any illness that a person has because they have no immunity |
| #1 | 1) The macrophage enters the body. 2) Then, the helper T-cells call the B-cells. 3) The B-cells make antibodies. |
| #2 | 4) The T-cells investigate and call killer T-cells. 5) And then, the killer T-cells kill the pathogens. 6) Then the body calls the suppressor T-cells who stop the whole process. |
| #3 | 7) Finally, the antibodies remember the germs. |
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