BMS08-1006 -Histology of Soft Connective Tissue

Description

Define what is meant by connective tissue. Classify the different types of connective tissue and give examples of their locations. State the functions of these tissues. List and identify the different cells found in soft connective tissue; relate their functions to their structures. Describe the different components of the extracellular matrix and state their functions.
Evian Chai
Flashcards by Evian Chai, updated more than 1 year ago
Evian Chai
Created by Evian Chai over 4 years ago
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Question Answer
What is soft connective tissue? Cells embedded in an extracellular matrix
What are the 6 functions of soft connective tissue? 1. Space filler 2. Mechanical support 3. Attachment/protection 4. Nutrient highway 5. Calcium/fat storage 6. Immunological defense
What are the 4 types of soft connective tissue? What are their functions? 1. Mesenchyme (embryonic) 2. Loose (under dermis) 3. Reticular (bone marrow/lymph 4. Adipose
Which 3 indigenous cells are present in the ECM? 1. Fibroblasts that secrete ECM proteins 2. Adipocytes for fat storage/leptin release 3. Mast cells for immunological defense
What ECM proteins do fibroblasts secrete? 1. Adhesive proteins 2. Collagen 3. Elastin
What immigrant cells are in the ECM of soft connective tissue? 1. Lymphocytes 2. Basophils 3. Eosinophils 4. Dendrite cells 5. Neutrophils 6. Monocytes/macrophages
What is the ECM made up of? 1. Collagen 2. Ground substance 3. Proteoglycans 4. Glycoaminoglycans (GAGs) 5. Polysaccharides 6. Elastic fibers 7. Adhesive glycoproteins
What type of collagen is the most dense, and found in fibrous connective tissue such as bones, tendons, and dentine? Type 1
What type of collagen is the most flexible, and found in blood vessels/skin? Type 3
What type of collagen is for flexibility and movement, and found in cartilage? Type 2
Where is Type 4 (sheet) collagen found? What is unique about its structure? In the basement membrane No fibril/triple helix, mesh network
What is the structure of collagen? Triple helix in fibrils
What is the ground substance? Water stabilised by GAGs, proteoglycans, glycoproteins
What are glycoaminoglycans (GAGs)? long sugars that are acidic to attract H20
What do glycoaminoglycans do? Shock absorbant Lubricant
What is the difference between GAGs and proteoglycans? Proteoglycans are GAGs covalently linked to protein
What are elastic fibers made of? Where are they found? Made of elastin/fibrillin Found in skin, lung, blood vessels
When are elastic fibers synthesised and what is their function? Synthesised at birth Function is to extend, store energy when stretched
What are adhesive glycoproteins and what do they do? Intermediaries that bind cells via their cell surface integrin receptors Helps form ECM
What are 3 examples of adhesive glycoproteins that cells bind to? 1. Fibronectin 2. Tenascin (wound healing) 3. Laminin (binds epithelia to basement membrane)
Why do GAGs attract water? They are negatively charged sugars
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