199737
Description
Flashcards by eimearkelly3, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by eimearkelly3
about 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Function of the vascular system | To transport substances around the body |
| The 2 vascular systems in the body | Circulatory system Lymphatic system |
| Plasma | Pale, yellow liquid that comprises about 55% of the blood |
| Plasma is made of | 90% water 7% proteins 3% dissolved materials which are being transported e.g. amino acids, vitamins, minerals and waste products such as urea and CO2. |
| Main plasma proteins | Clotting proteins Antibodies |
| Clotting proteins | Form blood clots (are too large to pass through the walls of the blood vessel) |
| Role/function of plasma | To transport dissolved materials e.g. glucose, amino acids, salts, carbon dioxide, vitamins, minerals, urea, and hormones. Also carries heat |
| Serum | Plasma from which the clotting proteins have been removed. Contains other plasma soluble materials including antibodies. Often used in injections to give someone resistance to a disease. |
| Functions of the blood system | Transport Temperature regulation (altering blood flow through the skin) Immunity (protection against pathogens) Communication (hormones) |
| Red blood cells or erythrocytes (living/organic) are produced in | The bone marrow of bones such as the ribs, breat bone, long bones in the arms and legs, and the vertebrae of the backbone |
| Shape of erythrocytes | Small, biconcave, disc-shaped cells (greater surface area for the uptake and release of oxygen) |
| Nucleus/no nucleus in red blood cells | No nucleus (more space for haemoglobin) therefore more oxygen can be carried |
| Mitochondria / no mitochondria | No mitochondria so that the oxygen being transported is not used up in respiration |
| Function of haemoglobin | To carry oxygen |
| How many oxygens bind with one haemoglobin | 4 |
| when oxygen binds to haemoglobin what compound forms | oxyhaemoglobin |
| Hoow long do RBC's survive? | approx. 4 months |
| Hom many RBCs per mm³ | approx. 5 million |
| RBCs are destroyed and recycled by and what happens then? | the liver and the spleen (iron is stored in the liver and recycled to make new haemoglobin in the bone marrow) the rest of the RBC and haemoglobin in converted to bile pigments such as biliverdin and bilirubin |
| RBCs:WBCs | 700:1 |
| Role/function of RBCs | Transport oxygen (haemoglobin) |
| Lack of haemoglobin / red blood cells | anaemia |
| Symptoms of anaemia | Pale skin colour Loss of energy |
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