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Description
Flashcards by scarlettjaynem, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by scarlettjaynem
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Which chemical elements make up proteins? | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen and occasionally sulphur |
| How do plants gain their proteins for growth? | They can absorb carbon, hydrogen and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water. Nitrogen mus be obtained from the soil |
| How do animals obtain their proteins for growth? | Through our food |
| Test for protein | Heat in presence of soda lime. The gas released will turn moist pH paper blue. |
| What are proteins used for in the body? | Cell Structures - membranes Hormones - insulin Body Structures - hair,nails Enzymes Muscle fibers Binding proteins - haemoglobin |
| How many functional groups does an amino acid have? | 2 - amino group (NH2) and a carboxl group (COOH) |
| How can amino acids link up to form a chain? | Because they all have 2 functional groups which can combine to make an amide link in a condensation reaction. |
| What is a peptide? | a unit made up of a small chain of amino acids (tripeptide - 3 amino acids) |
| What are two alternative names for proteins? | Polyamides and polypeptides |
| How many amino acid molecules are in a typical protein? | 2-3 hundred |
| What is this? | Amide link |
| Why are some amino acids known as "essential"? | Because we cannot make them in out bodies, they must be consumed through our food. |
| What are the 4 steps of protein hydrolysis? | Protein foods Breaking down proteins Absorbing amino acids bulilding proteins |
| Describe the Breaking down of proteins | Acids and enzymes in the digestive system help break down the peptide |
| Describe the Absorbing of amino acids | While protein molecules are too large to pass through the walls of the gut, individual amino acids are small enough o they pass through the wall and are absorbed into the bloodstream. |
| Describe the building of proteins | Amino acids are joined together in a different sequence, changing the final protein |
| What determines the type of protein built? | the sequence of amino acids |
| Which enzyme begins the digestion of proteins? | pepsin |
| Word equation for hydrolysis of protein | Protein + Water -> Amino Acids |
| How are proteins hydrolysed? | Peptide links are identified and broken water is intorduced amino acids are built |
| How are amino acids hydrolysed in a lab? | Through reflux with concentrated hydrochloric acid for several hours |
| How can Hydrolysed proteins be analysed? | Through chromatography |
| What are the two types of protein? | Fibrous - long, fibre like structure, sheets Globular - spiral chains, 3d appearance |
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