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| Question | Answer |
| Autonomous System | A group of networks and routers controlled by a single administrative authority |
| Autonomous System Concept | Each collection of networks and routers managed by one administrative authority is considered to be a single autonomous system that is free to choose an internal routing architecture and protocols. |
| Practical Limit on Group Size | It is safe to allow up to a dozen routers to participate in a single routing information protocol across a wide area network; Approximately five times as many can safely participate across a set of local area networks. |
| Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) | Any protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems on the Internet |
| EGP solves two problems: | Allows router outside a group to advertise networks hidden in another autonomous system Allows router outside a group to learn destinations in the group |
| Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) | Basically the only EGP still in existence Each AS designates a border router to speak on its behalf Two border routers become BGP peers |
| Key characteristics of BGP | Provides inter-autonomous system communication Propagates reachability information Follows next-hop paradigm Provides support for policies Sends path information Permits incremental updates Allows route aggregation Allows authentication |
| Key restriction on an EGP | An exterior gateway protocol does not communicate or interpret distance metrics, even if metrics are available. |
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