15497148
Description
Flashcards by Justin Lao, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Justin Lao
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Coronary arteries | Carry O2 to heart |
| Coronary viens | Carry CO2 from hear drains into coronary sinus and is dumped into right atrium |
| SA and AV node | Sinoartial node and Atrioventricular node The SA node is a natural pacemaker of the heart which conduct impulses between the two nodes for the atrium to contract |
| How does the hart beat faster | Through sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine/norepinephrine Which causes this result on the heart |
| What causes the heart to slow down? | Through the parasympathetic nervous system releases acetylcholine from cranial nerve X Which causes this result on the heart |
| Neural reflex of circulatory control What is baroreceptor reflex? | Mechanoreceptors that detect change in in heart pressure To increase BP the sympathetic nervous system kicks in To decrease BP the parasympathetic nervous system kicks in |
| Neural reflex of circulatory control What is the bainbridge reflex? | During venous return when the receptors in the wall of the atrium stretch this sends a single to the medulla to activate the parasympathetic nervous system (do no get this confuse it increases BP anyway) |
| Chemoreceptors | In the aortic body which respond to changes in pH |
| Valsalva maneuver | During forced expiration against a closed glottis Results in increase venous pressure which decrease venous return to right atrium this kicks in the sympathetic nervous system causing an increase in HR |
| Systole | Which the atrium or ventricle contracts (top number) |
| Diastole | when the atrium and ventricles are filling up with blood (bottom number) |
| SV | Stroke volume The amount of blood pumped which each beat Normal is 60-80 ml |
| CO | Cardiac output amount of blood pumped per minute Normal for male is 4.5-5.0 ml/min |
| Preload | Amount of blood in ventricles during end of diastole before contraction |
| Afterload | Pressure needed to open aortic to push blood out |
| Anemia | Low amounts of red blood cells |
| Polycythemia | High amounts of red blood cells |
| Thrombosis | clotting of arteries/veins which block blood flow |
| Thrombocytopenia | Low platelets |
| Thrombocythemia | High platelet count |
| Leukopenia | Lack of white blood cells |
| Leukocytosis | High amounts of white blood cells |
| Leukemia | From cancer abnormal white blood cells High amounts are produced since they can not perform their function properly |
| What are the primary muscles for inspiration? | Diaphragm (primary) External/intercostal muscles (which expand during inspiration) |
| What are the primary muscles for exhalation? | Same muscles as inspiration but with the passive recoil |
| What is the primary muscles for a forced exhalation? | Rectus abdominis External/internal obliques Transverse abdominis |
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