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Flashcards by Med Student , updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hannah Tribe
over 10 years ago
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Copied by Med Student
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is an ECG? | Electrocardiogram - a graphical representation of the electrical activity of the heart |
| What is sinus rhythm? | Rhythm arising from the SA node |
| What causes upward and downward deflections on an ECG? | The direction of the current in relation to that electrode. Upwards = current flowing TOWARDS electrode |
| In which general direction do electrical waves in the heart travel? | |
| How many electrodes does a 12 lead ECG have? | 10 |
| Where are the limb leads placed? | Right arm, Left arm, Right ankle, Left ankle |
| Which leads derive from the limb leads? | Leads I,II,III and aVR, aVL, aVF |
| What is lead I? | Current from RA to LA |
| What is lead II? | Current from RA to LL |
| What is lead III? | Current from LA to LL |
| What does the 4th limb lead (RL) do then? | Acts as the 'ground' to give machine an idea of 0 |
| How is aVR derived? | Compares RA to lead III |
| How is aVL derived? | compares LA with lead II |
| How is aVF derived? | compares LL to lead I |
| How many chest leads are there? | 6 |
| How are these different to the limb leads? | They are unipolar, so they measure current moving towards and away from themselves, not between 2 electrodes. |
| Where is V1 placed? | Right sternal edge, 4th ICS |
| Where is V2 placed? | Left sternal edge, 4th ICS |
| Where is V3 placed? | between V2 and V4 |
| Where is V4 placed | Around apex beat, midclavicular line, 5th ICS |
| Where is V5 placed? | horizontal with V4, left anterior axillary line |
| Where is V6 placed? | Mid-axillary line, horizontal with V4+5 |
| How do you calculate the HR from an ECG? | Count the number of squares between 2 QRS complexes. |
| What does each small square (horizontally) represent? | 40msecs. 1500/no. of small squares = HR |
| First Degree AV Block | |
| 2nd Degree AV Block- Type 1 (Wenkebach) | |
| 2nd Degree AV Block- Type 2 (Mobitz II) | |
| 3rd Degree AV Block | |
| Atrial Fibrillation | |
| Atrial Flutter |
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