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Description
Flashcards by Leanne McMahon, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Leanne McMahon
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Genotype. A genotype is the collection of almost all cells of an individual's genes. Provided by parents at the time of conception and does not change throughout life, it is fixed. | Genes interact with their environment aka Phenotype which is the physical structure and behaviour of an organism. |
| This can vary i.e. Identically Genetic Twin share the same genotype but if raised in different Environment with have non identitical Phenotypes. | Genotypes are important because although we see genetics basis for differences in a population, interaction with the Environment needs to be taken into account when investigating development and behaviour. |
| Action Potential. An action potential is a brief and sudden Change in the resting value of electrical voltage in a cell and the return to this level. Action potentials travel along a Neuron in a fraction of a second thus we can detect tissue damage rapidly from burning or freezing fingertips for example. | Action Potential is important in understanding the role of the nervous system and how information is transmitted by and around it for studies. |
| Brain Lesions. A Brain lesion is any kind of damage to the brain, caused by accident or surgery. | Surgery has shown some interesting information about the brain. |
| Sperry seperated the Corpus Callosum to inhibit Epileptic Seizure and Penfold removed diseased tissue from the temporal lobe and discovered with electrical stimulation early Childhood memories could be elicited. | Study of brain lesions are important in basis for biological theories of memory although, experiments carried out on laboratory animals raise ethical problems. |
| Neurotransmitter. Chemical messengers which communicate via gaps called synapses between neurons. | Neurotransmitters are important because malfunctions at the synapses are linked with mental illnesses e.g low levels of serotonin=Depression |
| Phenotype. Collection of almost all of a humans cells/genes which influence the structure of body eg height/nervous system. | The Phenotype interacts with other cells or Genotype and its environment resulting in experiences leading to strength/aggression for example. |
| Twins can have different Phenotypes despite having identical Genotypes if they were raised in differeing environments. | Phenotypes are important because the environment must be considered when looking at behaviour and development and not just biology alone. |
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