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| Question | Answer |
| What is a nucleotide? | The monomer for which nucleic acids are made. |
| What is the structure of a nucleotide? |
Pentose sugar
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate group
All nucleotides contain C, H, O, N and P
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| What is the structure of DNA nucleotides? | Deoxyribose (sugar) Phosphate group Four possible bases - adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G) |
| What is the structure of RNA nucleotides? | Ribose (sugar) Phosphate group Four possible bases - adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C) and guanine (G) |
| What are purines? |
Adenine and guanine
2 carbon-nitrogen rings joined together
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| What are the two types of bases present in DNA and RNA nucleotides? | Purines and pyrimidines |
| What are pyrimidines? |
Cytosine, thymine and uracil
1 carbon-nitrogen ring
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| What does ATP stand for? | Adenosine triphosphate |
| What is the structure of ATP? |
Ribose
Adenine
3 phosphate groups
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| What is the process in which ATP is broken down into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi)? | Hydrolysis |
| Complete the sentences: Plant and animal cells release ______ from glucose through ___________. A cell cannot get its energy directly from glucose. So, in respiration, the energy released from ________ is used to make _____ and then molecules of ATP provide energy for ___________ __________ in the cell | Plant and animal cells release ENERGY from glucose through RESPIRATION. A cell cannot get its energy directly from glucose. So, in respiration, the energy released from GLUCOSE is used to make ATP and then molecules of ATP provide energy for CHEMICAL REACTIONS in the cell. |
| Where is energy stored in ATP? | In the phosphate bond When this energy is needed by a cell, ATP is broken down into ADP and Pi |
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