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| Question | Answer |
| Complete the sentences: Globular proteins are _______ and compact. The hydrophilic R groups tend to be pushed to the outside of the molecule - this is caused by the ________ and ________ interactions in the protein's _________ structure. This makes globular proteins ________, so they're easily transported in fluids. | Globular proteins are ROUND and compact. The hydrophilic R groups tend to be pushed to the outside of the molecule - this is caused by the HYDROPHOBIC and HYDROPHILIC interactions in the protein's TERTIARY structure. This makes globular proteins SOLUBLE, so they're easily transported in fluids. |
| What is the structure of haemoglobin? |
Conjugated protein
Quaternary structure = 4 polypeptide chains (2 alpha, 2 beta)
Hydrophobic R groups point to the center
Haem group on each polypeptide chain (this is a prosthetic group - not composed of amino acids)
Haem group contains Fe²⁺)
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| What is a conjugated protein? | A protein with a non-protein group attached |
| What is the function of haemoglobin? | Carries oxygen around the body in red blood cells |
| What is the function of insulin | A hormone secreted by the pancreas Helps to regulate the blood glucose level |
| What is the structure of insulin? |
2 polypeptide chains held together by disulphide bonds
When they're in the pancreas, 6 of these bind together to form a large, globular structure
Chain begins with a helix and ends with a section of β-pleated sheet
Hydrophilic R groups are on the outside (water soluble)
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| What is the function of amylase? | An enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch in the digestive system |
| What is the structure of amylase? | Made of a single chain of amino acids Secondary structure = both alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet sections Most enzymes are globular proteins |
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