11652298
Description
Flashcards by Jaweria Khalid, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jaweria Khalid
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a gene? | A gene is a region of DNA. Each of your chromosomes contains many different genes. |
| What is the function of a gene? | Genes contain the instructions that cells use to make proteins. Each cell nucleus contains the instructions for making every protein in a human being. However only some cells make proteins - the rest are inactive. |
| What do scientists know about DNA? | Genes are very important and we think there are about 20,000 genes in the human genome but only makes up 1.5% of your genome. The remaining 98.5% is described as 'junk'. |
| How many types of proteins are there and what are they used for? | There are two types of proteins. 1) Structural - For example collagen (protein found in connective tissue) 2) Functional - For example amylase (an enzyme that speeds up chemical reactions). |
| What are amino acids used for? | Protein molecules are polymers made from amino acids. Amino acid monomers are joined together by chemical bonds. |
| What are proteins used for? | |
| What is phenylketonuria? | A person who has PKU cannot make an important enzymes usually made in the liver to break down a substance called phenylanine. |
| What is a genotype? | The genotype is the genetic variant that an organism has. The genotype for a single gene is the combination of alleles for that gene. |
| What is a phenotype? | The phenotype is the features that result from the information in the DNA and it's interaction with the environment. It is the genes that are shown. |
| Genotype to Phenotype: |
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