Question 1
Question
Reduced gastric tone begins in which vomiting phase?
Question 2
Question
Which contains the vomiting centre of the brain?
Answer
-
medulla oblongata
-
diencephalon
-
cerebrum
-
pons
Question 3
Question
Anticholinergics target which receptors?
Answer
-
Vestibular
-
Peripheral
-
Vomiting centre
-
CRTZ
Question 4
Question
Which drug(s) specifically target(s) receptors in the vomiting centre?
Answer
-
antihistamines
-
phenothiazines
-
NK1 antagonists
-
anticholinergics
-
metclopramide
Question 5
Question
Which of the following would add weight to a diagnosis of a primary GI disease?
Answer
-
hypoalbuminaemia
-
hyperlipemia
-
hemolysis
-
polycythemia
Question 6
Question
The rumen's pH should ideally be
Answer
-
slightly acidic (6.2-7)
-
completely neutral (7)
-
slightly basic (7-8.2)
-
highly acidic (3-4)
Question 7
Question
Which VFA is key in synthesizing milk fat?
Answer
-
acetate
-
propionate
-
butyrate
Question 8
Question
Which VFA(s) dominate(s) at a lower ruminal pH?
Answer
-
propionate
-
butyrate
-
acetate
Question 9
Question
A cow is brought into a clinic. It is lame, very uncoordinated, has a distended abdomen and shows no response to any visual stimulation. This cow is likely suffering from
Answer
-
LDA
-
RDA
-
Acute Rumen Acidosis
-
Hardware Disease
-
Frothy Bloat
-
Gaseous Bloat
Question 10
Question
Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical sign of SARA?
Answer
-
increased ketone levels
-
low milk fat yield
-
liver abscesses
-
epistaxis
-
laminitis
Question 11
Question
Cattle that live on rich lush pastures are in danger of developing
Answer
-
Frothy Bloat
-
SARA
-
Acute Ruminal Acidosis
-
Gaseous Bloat
-
Hardware Disease
Question 12
Question
Which of the following is the best way to treat frothy bloat?
Answer
-
stomach tube
-
rumen puncture
-
antifoaming agent
-
rumenotomy
Question 13
Question
A cow in lateral recumbency can result in
Answer
-
frothy bloat
-
gaseous bloat
-
acute ruminal acidosis
-
hardware disease
Question 14
Question
The Eric Williams Test is used in diagnosing
Answer
-
SARA
-
LDA
-
RDA
-
Hardware Disease
-
Gaseous Bloat
-
Frothy Bloat
Question 15
Question
A positive result for the Eric Williams Test involves
Answer
-
pain just before the start of the rumen cycle
-
pain just before the reticulum-rumen cycle
-
pain after the rumen cycle
Question 16
Question
Increased ketone levels in a cow's blood or urine is indicative of
Answer
-
LDA
-
Gaseous Bloat
-
Frothy Bloat
-
Hardware Disease
-
Acute Ruminal Acidosis
Question 17
Question
Milk fever can result in
Answer
-
Gaseous bloat
-
LDA
-
Frothy bloat
-
Acute Ruminal Acidosis
-
Hardware DIsease
Question 18
Question
How would you ideally treat a dog prior to an enterotomy if it is presenting with acute vomiting?
Question 19
Question
What is the strongest layer of the intestinal wall?
Answer
-
Mucosa
-
Submucosa
-
Muscularis
-
Serosa
Question 20
Question
How many phases are there for intestinal wound healing?
Question 21
Question
Around what time is the greatest risk of wound breakdown?
Answer
-
Between days 3-5
-
Between days 1-3
-
From days 5-7
Question 22
Question
Overlap of which two phases has the greatest risk of wound breakdown?
Answer
-
haemostasis and inflammation
-
inflammation and proliferation
-
proliferation and remodelling
-
haemostasis and proliferation
-
haemostasis and remodelling
Question 23
Question
Wound breakdown is more likely after surgery in the
Answer
-
stomach
-
duodenum
-
ilium
-
colon
Question 24
Question
Which type of suture material should you use for repair of GI wounds?
Answer
-
multifilament monocryl
-
monofilament monocryl
-
multifilament PDS II
-
monofilament PDS II
Question 25
Question
Which of the following does NOT result in full thickness appositional healing of the intestinal wall?
Answer
-
simple interrupted
-
simple continuous
-
staples
Question 26
Question
Which instrument is depicted in the picture?
Answer
-
Gossett retractors
-
Balfour retractors
-
Atraumatic bowel clamps
-
Metzenbaum scissors
Question 27
Question
In gastrotomy repair, you repair the stomach in how many layers?
Question 28
Question
The lembert suture is key in preventing leakage in which intestinal wall layers of which GI surgery?
Answer
-
mucosa repair; gastrotomy
-
serosa and muscularis repair; gastrotomy
-
mucosa repair; enterotomy
-
serosa and muscularis repair; enterotomy
Question 29
Question
Biopsies from which part of the SI is most likely to result in a a diagnosis?
Answer
-
Ilium
-
Jejunum
-
Ascending duodenum
-
There is no difference
-
Descending duodenum
Question 30
Question
Which part of the pancreas is MOST ideal for a biopsy?
Answer
-
left limb
-
edge of right limb
-
center of right limb
Question 31
Question
When suturing at the end of an enterotomy, the correct order is
Answer
-
1st suture in the mesenteric border > 2nd suture in anti-mesenteric border > repair defect in mesentery
-
1st suture in the anti-mesenteric border > 2nd suture in mesenteric border > repair defect in mesentery
-
repair defect in mesentery > 1st suture in the mesenteric border > 2nd suture in anti-mesenteric border
-
repair defect in mesentery > 1st suture in the anti-mesenteric border > 2nd suture in mesenteric border
Question 32
Question
At the end of an enterotomy, a serosal patch
Question 33
Question
Intussusception refers to